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Phil Konstantin's July 2013 Newsletter
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Greetings,

My oh my, has it been hot here in San Diego. Yesterday it hit 97 in 
my backyard. I know that is still cooler than a lot of places, but 
this is coastal Southern California. I can only imaging what this 
kind of weather would have felt like before fans and air conditioning. 
Imagine being a Timicua in southern Florida during the summer. 
It makes me sweat just to think about it. OK, I grew up in Houston 
and worked cleaning the bayous for a while, so I know what hot and 
humid can be like. My favorite T-shirt shows two skeletons in the 
desert. The caption reads: "Yeah, but it's a dry heat."

The US Supreme Court ruled against the ICWA claims involving a 
child with Cherokee ancestry. Some folks see that as appropriate 
considering the father's alleged lack of involvement. Others say 
it is a blow to tribal sovereignty. These are very deep subjects. 
With as many landmark cases as the Supreme Court decides, they often 
seem to try to avoid the major issue and decide on some minor points. 
Not having followed this case in great detail, I do not have a 
strong opinion on the case. You can hear the oral arguments by 
using one of the links below in the Audio section.

I got a bit banged up a week ago. I decided to do a little hiking 
to a small waterfall in urban San Diego. Most people don't even 
know Adobe Falls exists. If it wasn't for San Diego State University 
on the other side of the highway, even fewer would probably know 
about it. The "river" (it is hard to say river in San Diego without 
a chuckle) which flows through this area used to provide water 
for the original inhabitants. Now it is just has a minor runoff 
from one of the nearby reservoirs. I was going down a steep 
section of dirt when the ground gave way. I barrel-rolled a 
couple of times and got some trail-rash. Mostly it was just my 
pride that was injured. It is still good to see the old body can 
still heal cut and scratches. You can see some of the pictures 
of the area and of me on my Facebook page.

The Link of the Month is a video of a conference on Racial 
Stereotypes. It makes for interesting listening as the panel 
offers their own views and answers questions from the crowd. 
The link below is just to the first part of the recording. 
Look to the right of the page on YouTube to find the next 
parts.

My Facebook page is:
https://www.facebook.com/philkon

My YouTube Channel is:
https://www.youtube.com/user/cherokeephil

My main website is:
http://americanindian.net

Enjoy,

Phil Konstantin

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The Link of the Month for July is "Racist Stereotypes and 
Cultural Appropriation in American Sports"

This is a video of a conference. it comes in several parts.
 
http://youtu.be/NWpy7ozOwTU


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TREATY WITH THE WYANDOT, ETC., 1805.
July 4, 1805. | 7 Stat., 87. | Proclamation, Apr. 24, 1806.

Indians acknowledge protection of United States.
Boundary line established.
Cession from the Indians.
Annuity stipulated to be paid by the United States.
Proportions to which the Indian tribes are entitled out 
of the purchase of the Connecticut land company, etc.
Indians at liberty to fish and hunt in ceded territories.

You can see a transcript here:
http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0077.htm



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Notices:

Autry Museum Annual Call For Scripts:
http://theautry.org/whats-here/call-for-scripts

FTB: RESERVATION SOURCE INCOME ---- NOT SUBJECT TO TAXATION
http://www.calindian.org/pdfs/TribalAlert/ReservationSourceIncome.pdf

Draft NOAA Procedures for Government to Government Consultation With Federally Recognized Indian Tribes
https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2013/06/24/2013-15011/draft-noaa-procedures-for-government-to-government-consultation-with-federally-recognized-indian

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News Articles, etc.:

Chukchansi Tribe's "Leaders" Have Earned Scorn & Mockery. Should the BIA withdraw Recognition?
http://www.originalpechanga.com/2013/06/chukchansi-tribes-leaders-have-earned.html

DWP archaeologists uncover grim chapter in Owens Valley history
http://articles.latimes.com/2013/jun/02/local/la-me-massacre-site-20130603

Crazy Theories Threaten Serpent Mound, Demean Native Heritage
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/06/crazy-theories-threaten-serpent-mound-demean-native-heritage-149733

Excavating Native American history
http://www.pasadenastarnews.com/news/ci_23278462/excavating-native-american-history#ixzz2VGs9RGPy

UC and Native Americans: Unsettled remains UC campuses have been too slow in returning Native American bones and artifacts.
http://www.kumeyaay.com/all-news/3169-uc-and-native-americans-unsettled-remains-uc-campuses-have-been-too-slow-in-returning-native-american-bones-and-artifacts.html

Walking Backward in the International Arena
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/05/walking-backward-international-arena

Court ruling assault on tribes, Abourezk says
http://nativetimes.com/news/federal/8870-court-ruling-assault-on-tribes-abourezk-says

California Native American Tribe Announces Support of Same Sex Marriage: Santa Ysabel Tribe First in California to Make Proclamation
http://www.kumeyaay.com/all-news/3167-california-native-american-tribe-announces-support-of-same-sex-marriage-santa-ysabel-tribe-first-in-california-to-make-proclamation.html

Valley Voice: If suit succeeds, tribe profits and you lose rights
http://www.mydesert.com/article/20130525/OPINION04/305250020/Valley-Voice-suit-succeeds-tribe-profits-you-lose-rights

Cherokee Nation promises continued support in Baby Veronica case
http://nativetimes.com/news/federal/8867-cherokee-nation-promises-continued-support-in-baby-veronica-case

Custer's Revenge? Supreme Court Guts VRA on Little Big Horn Anniversary
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/27/custers-revenge-supreme-court-guts-vra-little-big-horn-anniversary-150147

Navajo Internet project almost complete
http://www.kumeyaay.com/all-news/3158-navajo-internet-project-almost-complete.html

Obama Establishes White House Council on Native American Affairs
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/26/obama-establishes-white-house-council-native-american-affairs-150136

Native Alaska, Under Threat
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/28/opinion/native-culture-under-threat.html?smid=pl-share&_r=0

Researcher Explores Native American Herbal Remedies
http://www.kumeyaay.com/all-news/3150-researcher-explores-native-american-herbal-remedies.html

Overcrowding Leads to Innovative Housing Projects at Crow Creek
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/26/overcrowding-leads-innovative-housing-projects-crow-creek-150130

Muckleshoot Tribe deserves support
http://www.courierherald.com/community/213333581.html

SOBOBA: Artist shares culture through his work
http://www.kumeyaay.com/all-news/3146-soboba-artist-shares-culture-through-his-work.html

Listen to Navajo Code Talker Chester Nez's Memoir on 'Radio Reader'
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/26/listen-navajo-code-talker-chester-nezs-memoir-radio-reader-150133

Johnny Depp's White Forefathers
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324183204578565512330853732.html?mod=itp

Why “The Lone Ranger” is Not “Just” a Movie, By Michelle Shining Elk
http://lastrealindians.com/why-the-lone-ranger-is-not-just-a-movie-by-michelle-shining-elk/

Extinct No More: Hia-Ced O'odham Officially Join Tohono O'odham Nation
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/30/extinct-no-more-hia-ced-oodham-officially-join-tohono-oodham-nation-150209

Unmasking The Lone Ranger's Leading Men: Finding the Real Life Heroes in Hammer and Depp's Family Trees
http://www.marketwire.com/press-release/unmasking-the-lone-rangers-leading-men-finding-real-life-heroes-hammer-depps-family-1805880.htm

Native media deserves more than sidekick role
http://www.nmindepth.com/2013/06/21/native-media-deserves-more-than-sidekick-role/

Wes Studi Wins Distinguished Artist Award in Tulsa
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/24/wes-studi-wins-distinguished-artist-award-tulsa-150086

Strengthening our Federal Partnership with Tribal Nations
http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2013/06/27/strengthening-our-federal-partnership-tribal-nations

Leonard Peltier Writes of Being Denied Medication
http://www.nativenewsnetwork.com/leonard-peltier-writes-of-being-denied-medication.html

Leonard Peltier Day Honors Imprisoned Native Icon
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/26/leonard-peltier-day-honors-imprisoned-native-icon-150122

Poarch Creek student won't pay fine for feather at graduation
http://www.indianz.com/News/2013/010176.asp

State's native languages diverse
http://www.greatfallstribune.com/article/20130629/NEWS01/306290020/State-s-native-languages-diverse?nclick_check=1

Monumental Error: Baseball Team Offers Custer Bobbleheads
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/26/monumental-error-baseball-team-offers-custer-bobbleheads-150129

FBI takes over investigation into Montana state senator
http://billingsgazette.com/news/state-and-regional/montana/fbi-takes-over-investigation-into-montana-state-senator/article_2fbd0893-01c6-5c5b-a0ce-36a45c88372f.html#ixzz2XjoxqxaL

Dissatisfied chiefs could form new First Nations group
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/story/2013/06/27/pol-new-first-nations-group.html

19 Stelae In Newly Discovered Maya City
http://www.archaeology.org/news/1026-130625-mexico-maya-city-chactun-stele

A Public Attack: Eagle Staff Desecrated for Third Time in Duluth
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/27/public-attack-eagle-staff-desecrated-third-time-duluth-150144

Writing a new future
http://syvnews.com/news/opinion/commentary/chumash/writing-a-new-future/article_0e3fb8f4-d884-11e2-aefe-0019bb2963f4.html

First Nations group changing guide on dealing with police
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/story/2013/06/28/mb-first-nations-winnipeg-police-manual.html

Washburn's Bold Plan to Fix Interior's Federal Recognition Process
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/28/washburns-bold-plan-fix-interiors-federal-recognition-process-150151

BLM project unearths ‘very old’ infant gravesite in Mohave County
http://www.havasunews.com/news/blm-project-unearths-very-old-infant-gravesite-in-mohave-county/article_65b3b85c-d964-11e2-a7c6-0019bb2963f4.html

Saving Siksika Nation, a microcosm of province’s plan
http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/saving-siksika-nation-a-microsom-of-provinces-plan/article12898241/

How Native Americans Mapped Their Religion
http://www.archaeology.org/news/1014-appalachian-mountains-native-americans-cosmology

'Full-Blooded Chief' Redskins Defender Not a Chief! Reactions From Around the Web
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/28/full-blooded-chief-redskins-defender-not-chief-reactions-around-web-150186

Cherokee hopes to make inmates pay their own way
http://www.smokymountainnews.com/news/item/10997-cherokee-hopes-to-make-inmates-pay-their-own-way

Runners Finish Seven Day 35th Annual 500 Mile Native American Spiritual Marathon
http://www.nativenewsnetwork.com/runners-finish-seven-day-35th-annual-500-mile-native-american-spiritual-marathon.html

A full blood, a half blood and a no blood walk into a bar …
http://osagenews.org/blog/full-blood-half-blood-and-no-blood-walk-bar-%E2%80%A6

Santa Ysabel Tribe First in California to Support Same-Sex Marriage
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/department/headline-news

Native Americans Receive Checks From Massive Class Action Settlement
http://www.kpbs.org/news/2013/jun/13/native-americans-receive-checks-massive-class-acti/

CHC hosts annual Cherokee Ancestry Conference
http://www.cherokeephoenix.org/Article/Index/7382

ABC News on Tohono O'odham Nation’s Harrowing Mexican-Border War
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/28/abc-news-tohono-oodham-nations-harrowing-mexican-border-war-150174

Nooksack tribal dispute heads to federal court

Read more here: http://www.bellinghamherald.com/2013/06/17/3056967/nooksack-tribal-dispute-heads.html#storylink=cpy
http://www.bellinghamherald.com/2013/06/17/3056967/nooksack-tribal-dispute-heads.html

Honor Treaties, Not Mascots! By: Matt Remle
http://lastrealindians.com/honor-treaties-not-mascots-by-matt-remle/

Oglala Sioux President Bryan Brewer was arrested.
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/23/week-was-big-stories-indian-country-june-23-2013-150070

Likely Virginia site of complex Indian empire, Pocahontas’ rescue preserved under agreement
http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/likely-virginia-site-of-complex-indian-empire-pocahontas-rescue-preserved-under-agreement/2013/06/18/b2325846-d7e8-11e2-b418-9dfa095e125d_story.html

Non-Indians and the Makah, 1788 to 1855
http://www.nativeamericannetroots.net/diary/1526/nonindians-and-the-makah-1788-to-1855

Five Civilized Tribes leaders note rapid progress in economic development, services for citizens
http://www.chickasawtimes.net/articles/2013/june/4.html

U.S.'s Oldest Cave and Rock Art Discovered in Tennessee
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/17/uss-oldest-cave-and-rock-art-discovered-tennessee-149888

Appalachian rock art sites add up to a single large map of the cosmos
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-06/uota-uot061913.php

Cherokee Nation citizen a finalist for Heyman medal
http://theonefeather.com/2013/06/cherokee-nation-citizen-a-finalist-for-heyman-medal/

Maya Farming Analysis Could Change Population Estimates
http://www.archaeology.org/news/1033-maya-tikal-corn-soil-population

Osage News wins six Oklahoma Press Association awards
http://osagenews.org/article/osage-news-wins-six-oklahoma-press-association-awards

New Mayan city discovered in Campeche
http://www.pasthorizonspr.com/index.php/archives/06/2013/extensive-maya-city-discovered-in-campeche

Forgotten Warrior: Native Vet Waits 41 Years for Medals
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/22/forgotten-warrior-native-vet-waits-41-years-medals-150049

Interview with Idle No More Co-founder Nina Wilson
http://thecirclenews.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=822&Itemid=1

Culture Camp connects elders and youth
http://www.charkoosta.com/2013/2013_06_27/SPCC_Culture_Camp.html

Seminole Nation to receive $12.5 million in settlement
http://sno-nsn.gov/services/communications/cokvtvlvme

Aztec sacrifices contain more than 400 different animal species
http://www.hispanicallyspeakingnews.com/latino-daily-news/details/archaeologists-say-400-animal-species-were-offered-to-gods-in-tenochtitlan/25013/

CBS Chicago Posts History of NHL Blackhawks' American Indian Namesake
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/21/cbs-chicago-posts-history-nhl-blackhawks-american-indian-namesake-150040

Wigwam demonstration helps Prophetstown restore focus
http://www.jconline.com/article/20130629/NEWS/306290032/Wigwam-demonstration-puts-Prophetstown-focus-back-history?gcheck=1

Time-honored values serve us best in fast-paced world
http://www.chickasawtimes.net/articles/2013/june/1.html

Hoopa and Willow Creek Work Together to Protect Trinity River - See more at: http://www.tworiverstribune.com/2013/06/hoopa-and-willow-creek-work-together-to-protect-trinity-river/#sthash.Z8h4idtw.dpuf
Hoopa and Willow Creek Work Together to Protect Trinity River - See more at: http://www.tworiverstribune.com/2013/06/hoopa-and-willow-creek-work-together-to-protect-trinity-river/#sthash.Z8h4idtw.dpufNew North America Viking Voyage DiscoveredNew North America Viking Voyage Discovered
New North America Viking Voyage Discovered
http://www.livescience.com/37189-new-viking-voyage-discovered.html

Ancient Ball Player Statue Found in Mexico
http://news.discovery.com/history/archaeology/ancient-ball-player-statue-found-in-mexico-130604.htm

Archaeologists say mystery structure at Magnolia Mound probably a burned storage building
http://www.therepublic.com/view/story/d976af206fa944529a592fab935f8634/LA--Magnolia-Mound-Mystery

Mohawk Nation News 'Losers, Weepers'
http://bsnorrell.blogspot.ch/2013/06/mohawk-nation-news-losers-weepers.html

Greed, Corruption and Indian Country's New Welfare States
http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/06/27/greed-corruption-and-indian-countrys-new-welfare-states

Panel to discuss Native American portrayal in media
http://rapidcityjournal.com/news/panel-to-discuss-native-american-portrayal-in-media/article_887fc57b-2aaa-56dc-9681-ffb0b71ef5d4.html

Victory at the Little Big Horn and the Petition to Return WhiteClay -Dana Lone Hill
http://lastrealindians.com/victory-at-the-little-big-horn-and-the-petition-to-return-whiteclay-dana-lone-hill/

The Power of Panama's Ancient Chiefs
http://www.archaeology.org/news/1010-130620-panama-chiefdom-crocodile-burials-inherited




Video and Audio Files:



Native American Sculpture At California Trail Center
http://www.clipsyndicate.com/video/playlist/12901/4113795?title=native_american

Oregon bans Native American Mascots in schools
http://www.latimes.com/videogallery/70001017/News/Oregon-bans-Native-American-mascots-in-schools

Indian Child Welfare Act - Mississippi Training Video
http://courts.ms.gov/trialcourts/youthcourt/webhelp/videos/yc_process/icwavideo/index.html

A Treasure of Gold; de Soto’s 1539 army encampment in Florida
http://www.archaeologychannel.org/news-from-tac/video-news-from-tac/1286-video-news-from-tac-may-2013

Native America Center Suspends Volunteer Service
http://www.clipsyndicate.com/video/playlist/12901/4109725?title=native_american

Secretary of the Interior Sally Jewell speaks at NCAI conference
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mUQ2v1HIDLM

Federal Government Holds 1,800 Sets Of Virginia Indian Remains
http://www.wusa9.com/news/article/262839/158/Some-Virginia-Indian-Tribes-Want-Federal-Recognition

US Supreme Court: Adoptive Couple v. Baby Girl
http://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_audio_detail.aspx?argument=12-399&TY=2012

SKYWALK LAND DISPUTE
http://www.clipsyndicate.com/video/playlist/12901/4085719?title=native_american

Navajo speech comes to life in ‘Star Wars’
http://www.azcentral.com/news/arizona/articles/20130628navajo-star-wars-speech.html





Tribal Newsletters:

Cheyenne & Arapaho Tribal Tribune (PDF)
http://www.c-a-tribes.org/Websites/michaelwood/images/JULY_1,_2013.pdf

Wiikwedong Dazhi-Ojibwe (PDF)
http://www.kbic-nsn.gov/sites/default/files/news/June%202013.pdf

Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribal Observer (PDF)
http://www.sagchip.org/tribalobserver/archive/2013-pdf/070113-v24i07.pdf

Seminole Tribune (PDF)
http://www.semtribe.com/SeminoleTribune/Archive/2013/SeminoleTribune_May%2031_2013v2.pdf



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Movies:

"If Only I Were an Indian follows three Native Americans 
(two Cree and one Ojibwa) from Manitoba, Canada as they 
travel to the former Czechoslovakia to meet several hundred 
Czechs and Slovaks who have set up a remarkable "Indian" community. "

http://www.viewster.com/movie/1081-15891-000/if-i-only-where-an-indian

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Smoke Traders - "In the dark of night, Mohawk boatmen speed 
across the river separating Canada from the U.S. border 
loaded with cartons of tax-free cigarettes"

http://www.viewster.com/movie/1081-16133-000/smoke-traders


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History section:

Here are some randomly picked historical events for July

July 1, 1520: According to many sources, Hernán Cortés and 
his followers would attempt to escape from Tenochtitlán 
(modern Mexico City) by way of one of the causeways. They 
had to fight their way through large numbers of Aztec warriors. 
Thousands of people were killed on both sides. Many of the 
Spanish soldiers carried so much looted gold that when they 
fell in the lake they drowned. This event was often called 
Noche Triste (Night of Tears or Sorrows).



July 2,1676: European and Indian forces under Major John 
Talcott attacked a Narragansett village as a part of King 
Philip’s War. A total of 171 of the Narragansett were 
killed in the fighting.



July 3,1778: A force of American militia led by Zebulon 
Butler embarked on an expedition into the Wyoming Valley 
of Pennsylvania from Forty Fort. The 400 Tory Rangers and 
their 700 Iroquois allies were led by Colonel John Butler. 
The Iroquois warriors lured the militia into an ambush in 
a swamp. Almost 400 of the soldiers were captured or killed 
during the fighting. This fight was one of many called 
the Wyoming Disaster.



July 4,1841: As a part of the peace talks of the Second 
Seminole War, Wildcat (Coacoochee), a Miccosukee (Seminole) 
warrior, complained he had to wear chains until he convinced 
his people to surrender. Many years later, after being 
removed to Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma), he 
escaped to Mexico. He was appointed as a colonel in the 
Mexican army.



July 5,1871: Arrested for murdering the wagon drivers in 
the raid on May 18, Kiowa Satanta and Big Tree went on trial 
in Jacksboro in north-central Texas, near Fort Richardson. 
They were found guilty after three days of testimony. Satanta 
told the court, “If you let me go, I will withdrawn my 
warriors from Tehanna, but if you kill me, it will be a 
spark on the prairie. Make big fire-burn heap.” Although 
sentenced to be hanged, the Texas governor, fearing a Kiowa 
uprising, decided to commute the sentences to life in a 
Texas prison. Eventually, Big Tree and Satanta were freed. 
Later, Satanta was returned to prison, where he committed 
suicide by jumping off a prison balcony on October 11, 1874.



July 6,1724: Frenchman Etienne Veniard de Bourgmont had been 
charged with establishing peace among the Indians of what 
became Kansas. According to a journal of the expedition from 
Fort Orleans, he met with “the Grand Chief, six other Chiefs 
of war, and several Warriors of the Canzas; who present him 
with the Pipe of Peace, and performs the honours customary 
on such occasions, to the Missouri and Osages.”



July 7, 1540: Coronado attacked the Zuni village of Hawikuh 
in what became New Mexico.



July 8,1755: A Shawnee war party staged a series of raids in 
Draper’s Meadows (near modern Blackburn, Virginia). They killed 
five settlers and captured several others. They gave a female 
settler a bag with the head of one of the male settlers in it. 
One of the captives, Mary Ingles, eventually escaped from the 
Shawnee. Her trek through 500 miles of the wilderness to return 
to her home became a legend among the Americans.



July 9,1716: The Mission of Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe was 
established for the Nacanish and Nocogdoche Indians in what 
eventually became Texas.



July 10,1854: According to their Indian agent, 200 Sac and Fox 
Indians were attacked by a force of 1,500 Comanche, Kiowa, Osage, 
and Apache near Smoky Hill, 100 miles west of Fort Riley in 
central Kansas. The Sac and Fox Indians were armed with rifles, 
and they prevailed over their larger adversary. The Sacs reported 
only six killed; the other Indians had as many as twenty-six 
killed and 100 wounded. Both sides were surprised that the Sac 
and Fox Indians won the fight.



July 11,1877: General Oliver Howard, called “Cut Arm” or “One 
Armed Soldier Chief” by the Indians, was leading 550 First Cavalry, 
Twenty-First Infantry, and Fourth Artillery soldiers when they 
spotted the Nez Perce along the Clearwater River and Cottonwood 
Creek. The fighting lasted until the next day, when the army got 
reinforcements. The Nez Perce then retreat to the north. During 
the fighting the army reported that it lost fifteen dead and twenty-
five wounded soldiers and killed twenty-three warriors. Accounts 
from Nez Perce survivors put their losses at only four. First 
Lieutenant Charles F. Humphrey, Fourth Artillery, “voluntarily 
and successfully conducted in the face of withering fire, a party 
which recovered possession of an abandoned howitzer and two Gatling 
guns lying between the lines a few yards from the Indians.” For 
his actions, Humphrey would be awarded the Medal of Honor. The 
fighting lasted through the next day.



July 12,1775: A part of a legislative bill allocated $500 to 
Dartmouth College in New Hampshire to be dedicated to the education 
of Indian youth.



July 13,1866: After reinforcing and renaming Fort Reno in 
northeastern Wyoming, Colonel Henry Carrington set out to 
found a base camp from which he could protect the Bozeman 
Trail. He arrived at a point near Big Piney Creek with plenty 
of good grass for his horses. There he started building Fort 
Phil Kearny. The fort was in the middle of one of the best 
hunting grounds in the region, just south of what is present-
day Sheridan, Wyoming.

See my photos of the area here:
http://americanindian.net/2003m.html



July 14,1830: The Choctaws held a council meeting at the 
Tombigbee River “factory” store to receive their government 
annuity and to discuss tribal issues. Greenwood le Flore, 
with 1,500 of his followers, confronted Southern Chief 
Mushalatubbe, who had 1,000 men with him. Le Flore told 
Mushalatubbe that he must give up his chieftainship. Angry 
words were exchanged, but no fighting occurred. Mushalatubbe 
did not give up his chieftainship.



July 15,1862: Mangas Colorado and son-in-law Cochise had been 
harassing settlers, wagon trains, and the army since Cochise 
had been wrongly accused of kidnapping by Lieutenant George 
Bascom in 1861. This incident led to the killing of hostages 
on both sides. On this date, Mangas Colorado and Cochise 
positioned 500 warriors on the bluffs overlooking the Apache 
Pass watering hole. When an army company of about 300 soldiers 
approached the spring-fed watering hole, the Apaches attacked. 
Captain Thomas Roberts and his soldiers were driven back, but 
they returned and captured the spring with the aid of cannon. 
Captain Roberts sent out five couriers to warn the next column 
of troops who were approaching the pass. Mangas Colorado and 
four dozen Apaches took off after the messengers. All five of 
the couriers were shot, and three go down when their horses 
were shot. Two of the downed soldiers rode out with the other 
two couriers. This left Private John Teal alone against the 
Apaches. Teal had a repeating rifle, which was new to the Apaches. 
They remained behind cover. Teal eventually hit Mangas Colorado 
in the chest with a rifle shot. This effectively ended the 
fighting, as the Apaches took their chief away. The fighting 
lasted until the next day.

See my photos of the area here:
http://americanindian.net/scan/Arizona/Arizona/index.html



July 16,1585: After the first encounter between the Roanoke 
Colony and Algonquain Indians in the village of Aquascogoc in 
Hyde County, North Carolina, the day before, colonists 
discovered one of their silver cups was missing. Today, led 
by colony Governor Ralph Lane, the colonists returned to the 
village and demanded the return of the cup. When the cup was 
not returned, “we burned and spoiled all their corn,” according 
to the governor’s journal. This was one of the first significant 
conflicts in the area between Europeans and native inhabitants.



July 17,1673: Father Jacques Marquette and Louis Joilet began 
an expedition to explore the Mississippi River on May 17. They 
reached the confluence of the Arkansas and Mississippi Rivers. 
Fearing a confrontation with the Spanish who controlled the 
lands farther south, Marquette and Joilet decided to end their 
trip and return north.



July 18,1878: Friendly Indians at Lemhi, Idaho, killed 
“Bannock John,” who murdered James Dempsey. They killed 
Bannock John so the whites would not think the Lemhi were 
involved in the Bannock Uprising.

See my photos of the area here:
http://americanindian.net/2003d.html



July 19,1881: After requesting the Canadian government to 
establish a reservation for his people, Sitting Bull (Tatanka 
Yotanka) was told they were not Canadians and that no 
reservation would be made. Many of his most trusted followers 
had already crossed back into the United States and were now 
on reservations. Sitting Bull finally decided to return to 
the United States. Sitting Bull rode into Fort Buford in 
western North Dakota. Sitting Bull was accompanied by slightly 
less than 190 of his beleaguered tribe. He officially surrendered 
to American authorities the next day.



July 20, 1528: After spending almost a month in the Apalachee 
village of Ivitachuco, the Narvaez expedition left. They set 
out in their quest for gold looking for the village of Aute 
(near modern St. Marks). Accompanying Narvaez was Aztec Prince 
Tetlahuehuetzquititzin. The prince, also known as Don Pedro, 
fought with the Spanish against Montezuma. He was killed by 
Apalachee warriors during this search for gold.



July 21,1832: General James Henry’s forces defeated Black Hawk 
and his followers in the Battle of Wisconsin Heights. According 
to military records, Black Hawk lost sixty-eight warriors; 
however, Black Hawk said he lost only six men.



July 22,1790: The United States enacted a law for the formal 
regulation of trade with Indians, titled “An Act providing for 
Holding a Treaty or Treaties to Establish Peace with Certain 
Indian Tribes.” It also enacted “An Act to Regulate Trade and 
Intercourse With the Indian Tribes.”



July 23, 1987: The Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump Interpretive 
Center was officially opened in Alberta, Canada. It was a World 
Heritage Site. At this location, local Indians stampeded buffalo 
over a cliff, then butchered them and skinned their hides.



July 24,1534: Jacques Cartier erected a thirty-three-foot-high 
cross on a small island in Gaspe Harbor, Quebec. He then claimed 
the area for France.



July 25,1834: Crows, led by Rotten Belly, began a siege of Fort 
McKensie on the Missouri River that ended in about one week.



July 26,1997: Executive Order No. 13057, by President William 
Clinton, was issued “in order to ensure that Federal agency 
actions protect the extraordinary natural, recreational, and 
ecological resources in the Lake Tahoe Region.” Included in the 
order was a provision for “recognition for traditional Washoe 
tribal uses.”



July 27,1816: The British built a fort on the Apalachicola River 
for the Seminole Indians to use to defend themselves. Few 
Seminoles ever inhabited the fort, but their black allies did. 
About 500 Creeks under Colonel Clinch and Chief William McIntosh, 
with an American riverboat, attacked and destroyed the fort. 
The fort’s magazine exploded and caused an estimated 270 deaths 
among the 334 inhabitants. Many of the survivors fought to the 
death rather than face capture and enslavement. This led the 
Indians to believe they had to fight the Americans to keep their 
lands. The Americans were led by Colonel Duncan L. Clinch. The 
fort was well within Spanish Territory. The fort was known as 
Negro Fort, Fort Gadsden, and Fort Nicholls (also spelled Nicolls).



July 28,1877: Captain Charles Rawn was accompanied by five 
officers, thirty soldiers, and 150 local volunteers. When the 
volunteers left the night before and today, Rawn’s force was 
dramatically reduced. The volunteers’ withdrawal led to the 
barricade’s derisive title: “Fort Fizzle.”

See my photos of the area here:
http://americanindian.net/2003b.html



July 29, 1857: Colonel Edwin “Old Bull” Sumner, with three 
companies of infantry and six troops of cavalry, was proceeding 
down the Solomon’s Fork River in western Kansas. The cavalry 
was a few miles ahead of the infantry when they encountered 
300 Cheyenne warriors. The Indians were rested. The soldiers 
were tired. A running battle ensued with a few deaths on either 
side. Sumner’s cavalry held their own against a large group of 
Cheyenne. The Cheyenne had been told by a medicine man they 
would be immune to the soldier’s bullets if the washed themselves 
in a sacred spring. This was one of the rare occasions when 
the Cheyenne faced the soldiers in an open battle. The medicine 
man was wrong. Disheartened by the “bad medicine,” the Cheyenne 
took flight. The cavalry charged and followed the Indians for
miles. One of the officers wounded in the battle was J.



July 30,1819: The Kickapoo gave up their lands along the 
Vermilion and Illinois Rivers to the United States.



July 31,1854: The Indian Appropriation Act was approved by 
Congress. It authorized David Meriwether, working as superintendent 
of Indian affairs, to conduct treaty negotiations with the 
“troublesome tribes under its jurisdiction.”

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That's it for now.

Have a great month.

Phil Konstantin
http://americanindian.net


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End of Phil Konstantin's July 2013 Newsletter
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Go To Newsletter Page Go To Main Page Go To Tribal Names Page Go to Indian Moons & Calendar Stuff

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Four of the five books I have worked on. I either wrote, co-wrote, or contributed to each of these beeks

Click on the cover to order a copy or to get more info.	This Day in North American Indian History This Day in North American Indian History is a one-of-a-kind, vastly entertaining and informative book covering over 5000 years of North American Indian history, culture, and lore. Wide-ranging, it covers over 4,000 important events involving the native peoples of North America in a unique day-by-day format. The thousands of entries in This Day in North American Indian History weave a compelling and comprehensive mosaic of North American Indian history spanning more than five millennia-every entry an exciting opening into the fascinating but little- known history of American Indians. Over 100 photographs and illustrations - This book has 480 pages, weighs 2.2 pounds and is 8" by 9.5" in size. The Dates, Names and "Moons" section of these pages are based on the book.
This is the cover to my 4th book. Click here to got more info, or to order a copy or to get more info."	Native American History For Dummies I wrote six of the twenty-four chapters in this book. I am credited with being the technical editor. Book Description: Native American History For Dummies introduces readers to the thousand-year-plus history of the first inhabitants of North America and explains their influence on the European settlement of the continent. Covering the history and customs of the scores of tribes that once populated the land, this friendly guide features vivid studies of the lives of such icons as Pocahontas, Sitting Bull, and Sacagawea; discusses warfare and famous battles, offering new perspectives from both battle lines; and includes new archaeological and forensic evidence, as well as oral histories that show events from the perspective of these indigenous peoples. The authors worked in concert with Native American authorities, institutions, and historical experts to provide a wide range of insight and information.
This is the cover to my 3rd book. Click here to got more info, or to order a copy or to get more info	Treaties With American Indians I wrote an article and several appendix items for this book. Clips from a review on Amazon.com: *Starred Review* In the 93 years from 1778 until 1871, there were more than 400 treaties negotiated by Indian agents and government officials. Editor Fixico and more than 150 contributors have crafted a three volume comprehensive tool that will soon become essential for anyone interested in the topic. A resource section with lists of ?Alternate Tribal Names and Spellings,? ?Tribal Name Meanings,? (<---- I wrote this part) Treaties by Tribe,? and ?Common Treaty Names? and a bibliography and comprehensive index are repeated in each volume. This impressive set has a place in any academic library that supports a Native American studies or American history curriculum. It is the most comprehensive source of information on Canadian-Indian treaties and U.S.-Indian treaties. Also available as an e-book.
"The Wacky World of Laws" It was just released in May 2009.	The Wacky World of Laws. Click on the cover to order a copy or to get more info. The Wacky World of Laws is a compilation of U.S. and International Laws that are out of the ordinary. With the U.S. churning out 500,000 new laws every year and 2 million regulations annually, this book is the ideal go-to book fro everyone who wants a good laugh at the expense of our legal system. Law so often can be boring! Now with The Wacky World of Laws, you can be the hit of any water cooler conversation, and amaze your friends with precious legal nuggets. I wrote most of this book. It is my fifth book.

(copyright, © Phil Konstantin, 1996-2013)






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