. . . ============================================================ Start of Phil Konstantin’s January 2005 Newsletter – Part 1 ============================================================ . . . Hi, I will be late in sending out this month's newsletter. My oldest daughter, Heidi, is in the Intensive Care Unit with double pneumonia. If things go well, she should be out in a couple of days. We are all hoping for the best. Thanks for understanding, Phil . . ========================================================== End of Phil Konstantin’s January 2005 Newsletter – Part 1 ========================================================== . . ============================================================ Start of Phil Konstantin’s January 2005 Newsletter – Part 2 ============================================================ . . . . Hi, Good news, my daughter Heidi finally got out of the hospital last night. She had double pneumonia and was in for almost a week. At one point the doctors thought she might have Lupus (an auto-immune disease that is not that uncommon in young adult females). The doctors now think she does not have it. Heidi told me all of the prayers must have worked. Thank all of you for your good thoughts and prayers. I'll get back to writing a newsletter in the next few days. Thanks, again, Phil . . . . ========================================================== End of Phil Konstantin’s January 2005 Newsletter – Part 2 ========================================================== . . ============================================================ Start of Phil Konstantin's January 2005 Newsletter - Part 3 ============================================================ Greetings, This newsletter is a bit shorter than normal, as I have been very busy lately. My oldest daughter Heidi finally came home from the hospital. She has improved enough to go out and visit friends. Again, thanks to all of you we sent out good thoughts and prayers for her recovery. Last weekend, I attended the first two days of a four-day class offered here in San Diego by the Cherokee Nation. The class covers the history of the Cherokee, as well as cultural material. The nation has been offering it to tribal members for a couple of years. In fact, it is a required class for tribal employees. It is an effort to help people reconnect with their heritage. I have been very impressed with the material. I am Cherokee through my mother’s father. He died, or disappeared, when my mother was seven. My grandmother was white, and did not know much about the Cherokees. Thus, my mother did not learn about Cherokee culture from the source. I have learned more about traditional culture from this course than I have discovered on my own throughout my entire life. For example, I discovered that under traditional rules, I am not part of a clan. Clan membership travels through the female side of the family. Since my grandmother was not Cherokee, neither my mother nor I are part of any of the seven Cherokee clans. Julia Coates (PhD) is the instructor. She is doing an excellent job with the course. I am really looking forward to the rest of the class. Hats off to Chief Smith, the tribal council, and everyone else who have facilitated this effort to reach out to the many of us who are not near the tribal headquarters. For those of you who are Cherokee, I highly recommend taking this class, if you have the opportunity. Phil ==================== X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X ==================== The “Link of the Month” for January 2005. The Center for California Native Nations website is part of the University of California in Riverside. The University of California at Riverside is unique among universities in the United States in that American Indians Supported UCR's Founding. A Cahuilla man and a Cherokee woman, Rupert and Jeannette Costo, were responsible for the campaign to locate a branch of the University of California at Riverside. The Costos also established the first chair in American Indian Studies in the United States, the Costo Chair of American Indian Affairs. They also assembled one of the largest collections of research materials relating to Native Americans in the nation the Costo Library of the American Indian and Costo Archive. The Costos founded the American Indian Historical Society, which served as the foundation for a Native American book and journal publishing concern, the Indian Historian Press. The website’s archive section has online versions of some older magazines which have some interesting articles. The section of the website which first got my attention asks a question I have pondered several times: “Should Andrew Jackson be Removed from the $20 Bill?” http://www.americanindian.ucr.edu/discussions/jackson/index.shtml As a historian, I am aware of the sometime vicious nature of President Jackson toward many American Indian tribes. As a Cherokee, I am even more aware of the result of Jackson’s actions and inactions. During his term in office, Jackson ignored a Supreme Court ruling which supported the Cherokee Nation in their efforts to enforce their own laws over Georgia laws in our ancestral lands in Georgia. To paraphrase his comments about the court’s decision, "The Chief Justice has made his ruling; now let him enforce it." This attitude led to the removal of the Cherokees a few years later. While I have actually considered boycotting the 20 dollar bill, I realize how hard this would be to accomplish. You can peruse the CCNN’s discussion of the issue on this website listed above. Here are some other websites which discuss replacing Jackson on the $20. http://www.putkingonthe20.com/case.php http://www.jaknouse.athens.oh.us/essays/twentydollar.html http://www.petitiononline.com/2047/petition.html http://www.uusociety.org/sermons/20_dollar_bills.htm http://www.academicdb.com/should_andrew_jackson_be_on_twenty_dollar_bill_10899/ http://www.allthingscherokee.com/atc_sub_culture_feat_events_020201.html http://mhking.mu.nu/archives/031502.php ==================== X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X ==================== The “Treaty of the Month” is with the “DWAMISH, SUQUAMISH, ETC., 1855.” It covers land cessions, reservation boundaries, the keeping of non-tribal-members off the land and many other items. You can see a transcript of it here: http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/dwa0669.htm ==================== X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X ==================== Interesting website: Here is a site which features a short clip of President George W. Bush addressing the subject of tribal sovereignty: http://media.ebaumsworld.com/sovereignty.mov ==================== X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X ==================== One part of my job with the California Highway Patrol is to help educate the public on safety issues. I noticed a criss-cross puzzle one time and I decided to make one with safety related words. The CHP liked it and added it to their official coloring book. Please feel free to print the coloring book, or to give it to your friends, family or students. CHP CHiP Coloring Book: http://www.chp.ca.gov/pdf/ChipPals.pdf ==================== X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X ==================== Notices: ------------------ Subject: M#544 Phillips Fund for Native American Research NOTICE OF FUNDING OPPORTUNITY Sponsored Research Information SDSU Foundation 594-2458; jse-@foundation.sdsu.edu Date: 12/15/04 Mailout#: 544 Sponsor: American Philosophical Society Title: Phillips Fund for Native American Research Restriction: none Deadline: 3/1 This program provides up to $3,000 over one year for research in Native American linguistics and ethnohistory in the continental U.S. and Canada. The program will not support work in archaeology, ethnography, psycholinguistics, or pedagogy. Funds cover travel, tapes, and informants' fees, but not general maintenance or equipment purchase. Preference will be given to young Ph.D. scholars, but applications are also accepted for support of masters theses or doctoral dissertations. Application guidelines are available at http://www.amphilsoc.org/grants/ ==================== X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X ==================== I have save several interesting items from the Cherokee Nation Newsletter: U no lv ta nv "Month of Snow Spirits in the Wind" Traditional Story: The Ice Man The old people tell us that once when the people were burning the woods in the fall, the blaze set fire to a poplar tree, which continued to burn until the fire went down into the roots and burned a great hole in the ground. It burned and burned, and the hole grew constantly larger, until the people became frightened and were afraid it would burn the whole world. They tried to put out the fire, but it had gone too deep, and they did not know what to do. At last, someone said there was a man living in a house of ice far in the north who could put out the fire, so messengers were sent, and after traveling a long distance they came to the ice house and found the Ice Man at home. He was a little fellow with long hair hanging down to the ground in two plaits. The messengers told him their errand and he at once said, “Oh, yes, I can help you,” and began to unplait his hair. When it was all unbraided he took it up in one hand and struck it once across the other, and the messengers felt a wind blow against their cheeks. A second time he struck his hair across his hand, and a light rain began to fall. The third time he struck his hair across his open hand there was sleet mixed with the raindrops and when he struck the fourth time great hailstones fell upon the ground, as if they had come our from the ends of his hair. “Go back now,” said the Ice Man, “and I shall be there tomorrow.” So the messengers returned to their people, whom they found still gathered helplessly about the great burning pit. The next day while they were all watching about the fire there came a wind from the north, and they were afraid, for they knew that it came from the Ice Man. But the wind only made the fire blaze up higher. Then a light rain began to fall, but the drops seemed only to make the fire hotter. Then the shower turned to a heavy rain, with sleet and hail that killed the blaze and made clouds of smoke and steam rise from the red coals. The people fled to their homes for shelter, and the storm rose to a whirlwind that drove the rain into every burning crevice and piled great hailstones over the embers, until the fire was dead and even the smoke ceased. When at last it was all over and the people returned they found a lake where the burning pit had been, and from below the water came a sound as of embers still crackling. ------------------------ Spiritual Views and Traditions of the Cherokee As reported by Rev. Buttrick and John Howard Payne in 1835 The world was created at the time of the first new moon in autumn, with the fruits all ripe. The first new moon in autumn is therefore the great new moon, or nu-ta-te-qua and with it the year commences, as regards the feasts of new moons, though the first new moon is spring begins the year with regard to the feast of first fruites, etc., because then the fruits begin to come forward. INFORMANT: Yu-wi-yo-ka Alexander Longe’s Cherokee informant. in 1725, stated that the Green Corn Ceremony MUST take place, and MUST observe the sacrifice of the first fruits, and the priests’ prayer to God, for if we do not remember him in thanksgiving, he will not remember us. ------------------------- The Cherokee Game of Stickball (The Indian Pioneer Papers are the product of a project developed in 1936. The Oklahoma Historical Society teamed with the history department at the University of Oklahoma to get a Works Progress Administration (WPA) writers' project grant for an interview program. The program was headquartered in Muskogee and was led by Grant Foreman. The writers conducted more than 11,000 interviews and after editing and typing the work, the results were over 45,000 pages long. The following excerpt is from the interview of Adam Bean of Stilwell.) I belonged to an Indian Ball Club and was a member of the Stalk Shooting Team. The ball game was similar to the present day football. Usually ten men made a team, but I have played in fames where there were as many as fifteen men to the team. The members wore no uniforms, helmets or leg guards; everything was taken off except a garment similar to shorts. The ball ground was about a hundred yards long and about eighty yards wide and in the center of this ball ground there was a pole about thirty feet long driven in the ground, on top of which was placed some kind of animal head. The visiting team took the opposite side of this pole, and when the ball was tossed in the air, every player was ready to get the ball and try to hit the head that was on top of the pole. Players were not allowed to use their hands in catching the ball - they had a kind of wooden spoon that was used. These spoons were about two feet long and the ball was about two inches in diameter. This ball was not made by just anybody; some old person usually made it. In matched games the Indians usually stayed near some creek on the day before the game was to be held. The Cherokees at that time were strong believers in 'witching' and had much faith in their medicine men. Early in the morning before the dame and before the sun came up the medicine man would tell them which team was going to win. To prepare the players for the game the medicine man would treat their legs in order to make them strong. William Wolfe of Stilwell gives an account of a different purpose of the stickball game: The "Nighthawk" ball game was the most interesting game of that time. This game was played just before the Stomp Dance. This was a game between the men and women. The ball that they used was made of mushroom, yarn and leather. It was the custom of the old timers that just everybody did not make this ball. Very few people knew how they were made. They used the Stomp Ground for the ball ground. A pole was driven in the ground about 40 feet high and on top of this a ball about six inches in diameter was placed. When the ball was tossed in the air, both sides tried to get it, and whichever side hit the ball on top of the pole was awarded three points. The women were allowed to catch the ball with their hands but the men were not allowed to do so. They had to catch it with spoons they used for that purpose. Mr. Wolfe has seen teams from other places play. The teams at that time were Stony Point, Chewey, Sugar Mountain, Redbird and Flute Springs. Info provided by the Cherokee Nation Cultural Resource Center please contact cult-@cherokee.org ------------------------ Spiritual Views and Traditions of the Cherokee As reported by Rev. Buttrick and John Howard Payne in 1835 An old man, nearly a hundred years old (1835) by the name of Kotiski says that, when a small boy, he used to listen to the conversation of two very aged men, who would sometimes sit up and talk nearly the whole night; and among other things they told were the following: At the townhouse meetings, the principal men called the people together at an early hour. No work was done except the women who brought food. The old men smoked. At usual breakfast time the victuals were brought by fourteen women previously appointed, seven of whom waited on the men and seven waited on the women. The priests sat on their appropriate white seats; other old men on seats near the middle of the house; other men and boys on seats to the right and the women and girls at the left. The victuals were set on the ground in dishes, before the several seats, and then the waiting women took their seats with the other females. The priest then arose and told the people that the Creator had given them food, and thay by partaking it, they would be refreshed and then told them to eat. The repast being ended, the fourteen women took away the dishes. The leader of the dances was then called forward. He arranged the company in single file; the leader followed by his wife, the next principal man and his wife, and so on, a man and his wife; or if a man had no wife, he was followed by a single female who was a near relative or of the same clan. This arrangement might form a number of circles in the house. Being thus arranged, while standing, the congregation was addressed by four priests successively. They occupied the white middle seat. The eldest arose and spoke, holding a white wing of a fowl by the right side of his face. Together with the various instructions he charged the people to love and be kind to one another. On concluding, the first took his seat, and handed the white wing to the one next him, and so on, till all four had spoken. The white wind was then hung in a sacred place over their heads. The dance then commenced. Towards evening, all being again seated, the same women who had provided breakfast now brought forward the dinner which was served as in the morning and the night wholly spent in dancing. None must sleep but the small children. On Monday morning, breakfast was brought and after eating, all retired to their houses. ==================== X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X ==================== Items from subscribers: -------------------- From Sharon Reidy: Dear Phil, I am hoping you can post this message in your newsletter to help get the word out about an issue here in Massachusetts. I write to you on behalf of Chief Eagle of Sagamore, Massachusetts. He is trying to bring attention to Governor Mitt Romney the need to preserve land on Sagamore Hill for the purpose of worship and ceremony by Native People. If you can help, I thank you. Respectfully, Sharon Here is his letter: Massachusetts Indians want the right to use Sacred Land for the purposes of Worship and Ceremonies. As Native American People, we want continued freedom to worship as our elders did on Sagamore Hill. Sagamore Hill is Sacred Ground at the area of Scusset State Reservation. We have been in touch with Governor Mitt Romney's Office for over a year on this issue-now they refuse to talk with us on this. Elders and Chiefs can no longer walk near a mile to this Sacred Site. You would not expect church goers to park a mile away from the church and still attend services. A locked gate on the Sacred Site forces us to traverse this land on foot. Elders have great difficulty going short distances, even then there is no place to rest. We want to regain our Aboriginal Native American Rights at Sagamore Hill. The State recognizes this as Ceremonial Land to Indian People. Under the Freedom of Religion Act we have the right to worship as Native People. We feel the Freedom of Religion Act is being violated by the State of Massachusetts. The Federal Law clearly states our Religious Rights. This information can be accessed on the Federal Website. We would appreciate any support the People can offer to help re-instate the Massachuset Indian Rights on Sagamore Hill Reservation. Please contact the Massachusetts Governor, the Honorable Mitt Romney at your earliest convienence. Thank you. Tabotne. Chief Eagle Sagamore Wompisik Massachuset Indian Old Sagamore Indian Council 36 Gibbs Road Sagamore Beach, Massachusetts 02562-2809 Contact Information: Massachusetts State House Office of the Governor Mitt Romney Room 360 Boston, MA 02133 Phone: (617) 725-4005 FAX: (617) 727-9725 ==================== X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X ==================== Random historical events for January: January 1, 1877: Colonel Nelson "Bear Coat" Miles, and his forces from Fort Keogh (near modern Miles City, in eastern Montana), are moving up the Tongue River in search of Crazy Horse, and his followers. They have their first skirmish with Indians. According to army reports, there are 600 lodges on the Tongue River, which are abandoned as Miles moves through the area. January 2, 1848: Peter Skene Ogden arranges for the release of captives during the Cayuse attack on the Whitman Mission. January 3, 1895: On November 25, 1894, a group of nineteen Hopi "hostiles" were placed under arrest by the army for interfering with "friendly" Hopi Indian activities on their Arizona reservation. The nineteen prisoners are held in Alcatraz prison in California from January 3, 1895 to August 7, 1895. January 4, 605: Palenque Maya Lord Ac - Kan ascends the throne according to the museum at Palenque Photo on my website at: http://americanindian.net/mayae.html January 5, 1806: Sacajawea tells Lewis and Clark she wants to see a dead whale which has washed up on the beach in Oregon. January 6, 1706: The Spanish are trying to improve relations with the Pueblos of modern New Mexico. Governor Francisco Cuervo y Valdez and "Protector General for the Indians" Captain Alfonso Rael de Aguilar meet with leaders of all the nearby tribes. Among the Indians is Don Domingo Romero Yuguaque. Yuguaque is Governor of the Tesuque Pueblo. January 7, 1781: The Mission San Pedro Y San Pablo De Bicuner is established, in modern Imperial County, California, where the Anza Trail crosses the Colorado River. This is on land claimed by the Quechan (Yuma) Indians. January 8, 1700: Pierre le Moyne, Sieur d'Iberville, establishes a fort and trading post on the Mississippi River a few dozen miles south of present day New Orleans. It is his hope to establish friendly relations with the lower Mississippi valley Indians to keep them from allying with the English or the Spanish. January 9, 1790: Spanish and Indian forces under Commanding General Juan de Ugalde attack a group of 300 Lipan, Lipiyan, and Mescalero Apaches at what they called the Arroyo de la Soledad. The Spanish soundly defeat the Apache. The Spaniards name the battlegrounds the "Cañón de Ugalde" in honor of their commander. Modern Uvalde, Texas gets its name from this spot. January 10, 1839: John Benge, and 1,103 other Cherokees arrive in the Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma). They started their trek with 1,200. January 11, 1851: As a part of the "Mariposa Indian Wars" in California, Sheriff James Burney leads a force of settlers against the local Indians. The battle is a draw. January 12, 1880: Major Albert Morrow, and elements of the Ninth Cavalry "buffalo soldiers," find, and attack Victorio, and his Warm Springs Apaches, near the source of the Puerco River, in southern New Mexico. The fighting lasts for about four hours, until sunset, when the Indians escape. One soldier is killed, and one scout is wounded. January 13, 1729: Measels are spreading through "New Spain." It has struck the Pima workers at the mission San Ignacio de Caburica. The priest, Father Campos, baptizes twenty-two Pimas "in periculo mortis" because they are so close to death. This epidemic kills many Indians. January 14, 1971: An election which adopted of a Constitution and Bylaws for the Chitimacha Tribe of Louisiana is ratified by the Assistant Secretary of the Interior, Harrison Loesch. The election is held on November 7, 1970. January 15, 1832: The Chickasaw meet at their council house to discuss the removal proposal of President Jackson. They decide to approve the removal, but they will not cooperate with any efforts to have them share lands with the Choctaws. January 16, 1805: The Mandans parlay with the Minnetarrees according to Lewis and Clark. January 17, 1800: Congress passes "An Act for the Preservation of Peace with the Indian Tribes." One of its provisions was: "That if any citizen or other person residing within the United States, or the territory thereof, shall send any talk, speech, message or letter to any Indian nation, tribe, or chief, with an intent to produce a contravention or infraction of any treaty or other law of the United States, or to disturb the peace and tranquillity of the United States, he shall forfeit a sum not exceeding two thousand dollars, and be imprisoned not exceeding two years." January 18, 1870: From a marker in the Fort Buford (North Dakota) cemetery: "He That Kills His Enemies - Indian Scout- January 18, 1870 - Died of Wounds ... in a quarrel with a fellow scout on the 5th inst. received a penetrating (arrow) wound of the pelvis and abdomen. ... Death occurred January 18, 1870. An autopsy could not be obtained owing to the feelings of the relatives." Photo on my website at: http://americanindian.net/2003u.html January 19, 1777: A group of Oneida chiefs meet with Colonel Elmore at Fort Schuyler. They want the army to tell the Mohawks that the great council fire of the Onondagas as been extinguished. January 20, 1830: Red Jacket (Sagoyewatha) is a Seneca Chief born around 1779. While he is often called a coward in war, he is respected as a great speaker, and for his refusal to adopt white ways. Following the way of many before him, he eventually becomes an alcoholic. He dies today. January 21, 1731: Natchez Indians, led by Chief Farine, have built a fort in Louisiana near the Red River. French and Tunica forces, led by the governor of Louisiana Etienne de Perier, attack the fort. The fighting lasts for three days. While the Natchez kill many of the allied forces, they are at a disadvantage because the French have a cannon. After three days of fighting, the Natchez promise to surrender the next morning. Many of the Natchez escape during the night, including Chief Farine. January 22, 1855: The Treaty of Point Elliot (12 Stat. 927) is signed . The Tulalip, the Kalapuya, the Swinomish, and the Snoqualnoo Tribe of Whidbey Island, Washington are among the signers. See the "Treaty of the Month section above for a copy of the treaty. January 23, 1689: Saco, in southwestern Maine is attacked by Abenaki Indians, one in a series of attacks on the settlement. Nine settlers are killed in the fighting. January 24, 1835: The Mexican Governor Figueroa in Monterey, California writes a letter to the Alcalde of San José. He warns the local ranchers not to mount punative expeditions against the local Indians. Some Indians have been raiding ranches to steal the horses. One more than one occasion, the Mexicans have killed innocent Tulare Indians in their efforts to punish the thieves. January 25, 1968: The United States Indian Claims Commission, decrees that the Mescalero Apaches of New Mexico should receive $8,500,000 for lands taken from them in the 1800s. The Mescaleros refuse the largesse because, by law, they cannot share the money with the Lipan, and Chiricahua Apaches. A future ruling allows this. January 26, 1716: Cherokee Chief Caesar has told the English in South Carolina that he will never fight them. He also tells the Europeans they have nothing to fear from the Creeks, because they want peace, too. He offers to arrange for leading Creeks to go to Charles Town to arrange a peace. Today, sixteen Creek and Yamassee representatives arrive at the Cherokee village of Tugaloo in northeastern Georgia. The Creeks and the Yamassee know of the Cherokee's desire to remain neutral, or at peace. Rather than talking about peace, the representatives urge the Cherokees to join them in their plan to attack the South Carolina settlements. This so angers the Cherokees that the representatives are killed. January 27, 1863: General Patrick Connor, and almost 300 California volunteers fight Bear Hunter's Northern Shoshone on Bear River, north of the Idaho-Utah boundary. The soldiers report 224 of the warriors are killed in the fighting, including Bear Hunter. Other sources put the number nearer to 400, including many women and children. Connor is called "Star Chief" by the Indians. This is called the "Battle of Bear River" by the army. Others call it "The Bear River Massacre." Most sources says this happens on January 29, 1863. January 28, 1908: As listed in Executive Order Number 744, the lands set aside for the Navajo Indians in New Mexico conflict with the lands set aside for the Jicarilla Apaches by Executive Order on November 11, 1907. This will be corrected. January 29, 1881: The Eight lodges of Iron Dog and sixty-three of his followers surrender to Major George Ilges' forces near the Poplar River in Montana. Thirteen horses, and five guns are seized by the troops. The weather remains bitterly cold. January 30, 1838: Seminole Chief Osceola dies at Fort Moultrie, in Charleston, South Carolina. It is believe he has some sort of throat disease, others say malaria, other say he dies of a broken heart. January 31, 1833: The Mi’kmaq Waycobah First Nation reserve of Whycocomagh #2 is established in Nova Scotia, according to the Nova Scotia Councils. ==================== X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X+X ==================== That’s it for now. Stay safe, Phil ========================================================== End of Phil Konstantin's January 2005 Newsletter - Part 3 ========================================================== . . ========================================================== Start of Phil Konstantin's January 2005 Newsletter - Part 4 ========================================================== . . . Hi, Cherokee Nation Chief Chad "Corntassle" Smith will be in San Diego, California on Sunday, January 30th. He would like to meet with the Cherokee people who live in the area, or who can come by. The Chief is in town for the last day of the Cherokee Nation's excellent history course. He will be having a "meet and greet" diner at a local restaurant on Sunday at 6:30pm. You are welcome to come by and meet the Chief, and many other Cherokees (Tribal membership is not required to come by). We will be meeting at the following location: Sizzler Restaurant 3755 Murphy Canyon San Diego, Ca 858-278-6988 The directions to the meeting are as follows. On Interstate 15, exit to the west on Aero Drive. Turn right on Murphy Canyon Rd. The restaurant is a couple of hundred feet north on the right side of the road. Aero Drive is two exits north of Interstate 8, and a couple of exits south of State Route 52, near Qualcomm Stadium. The following link is a map to the restaurant: http://www.mapquest.com/maps/map.adp?country=US&addtohistory=&formtype=address&searchtype=address&cat=&address=3755%20Murphy%20Canyon%20Rd&city=San%20Diego&state=CA&zipcode=92123%2d4400&searchtab=home I hope to see you there, Phil Konstantin . . ========================================================== End of Phil Konstantin's January 2005 Newsletter - Part 4 ========================================================== .
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