Tribal Name Meanings And Alternative Names by Phil Konstantin



About My Books

Four of the five books I have worked on. I either wrote, co-wrote, or contributed to each of these beeks

This is the cover to my first book. Click here to got more info, or to order a copy. Click on the cover to order a copy or to get more info.
 		To the left is a picture of the cover of my first book. "This Day in North American Indian History"
Click on the cover to order a copy or to get more info.
 This Day in North American Indian History
From the book cover:
"For every calendar day, an in-depth look at the important events in the history of North America's native peoples.

From the dedication of the Maya ballcourt at Chichen Itza in A.D. 864 to modern political activism and government legislation affecting native peoples, here is virtually every significant event in North American Indian history. It also includes fascinating information on hundreds of battles and skirmishes between Indians and whites, as well as countless treaties made and broken. An extensive appendix includes information about Indian tribal names and calendars. It's all here-Indian chiefs, wars, massacres, treaties, reservations, modern constitutions and much, much more.

This Day in North American Indian History is a one-of-a-kind, vastly entertaining and informative book covering over 5000 years of North American Indian history, culture, and lore. Wide-ranging, it covers over 4,000 important events involving the native peoples of North America in a unique day-by-day format.

The thousands of entries in This Day in North American Indian History weave a compelling and comprehensive mosaic of North American Indian history spanning more than five millennia-every entry an exciting opening into the fascinating but little- known history of American Indians.

Over 100 photographs and illustrations - This book has 480 pages, weighs 2.2 pounds and is 8" by 9.5" in size. The Dates, Names and "Moons" section of these pages are based on the book.

This is the cover to my 4th book. Click here to got more info, or to order a copy or to get more info.
This is the cover to my 4th book. Click here to got more info, or to order a copy or to get more info."

Native American History For Dummies. Click on the cover to order a copy or to get more info.
I wrote six of the twenty-four chapters in this book. I am credited with being the technical editor. Book Description:
Native American History For Dummies introduces readers to the thousand-year-plus history of the first inhabitants of North America, the Native Americans and explains their influence on the European settlement of the continent. Covering the history and customs of the scores of tribes that once populated the land, this friendly guide features vivid studies of the lives of such icons as Pocahontas, Sitting Bull, and Sacagawea; discusses warfare and famous battles, offering new perspectives from both battle lines; and includes new archaeological and forensic evidence, as well as oral histories that show events from the perspective of these indigenous peoples. The authors worked in concert with Native American authorities, institutions, and historical experts to provide a wide range of insight and information.
This is the cover to my 3rd book. Click here to got more info, or to order a copy or to get more info.
This is the cover to my 3rd book. Click here to got more info, or to order a copy or to get more info 		Treaties With American Indians I wrote an article and several appendix items for this book. Click on the cover to order a copy or to get more info.
From a review on Amazon.com: *Starred Review* In the 93 years from 1778 until 1871, there were more than 400 treaties negotiated by Indian agents and government officials. These often included more than one tribe and covered a range of issues including ceded lands, payments and annuities, reservations, hunting and fishing rights, provisions for education, sovereignty issues, and more. Although the subject of treaties between American Indians and the U.S. government is vast and complex, editor Fixico and more than 150 contributors have crafted a comprehensive tool that will soon become essential for anyone interested in the topic. Volume 1 contains 22 essays dealing with federal policy, historical periods, regional treaty making, and other topics. The essays vary from 7 to 12 pages, and each contains a bibliography with references and items for further reading. Volume 2 provides short, chronologically arranged entries describing specific terms of both U.S. and Canadian treaties with Indians as well as A-Z entries for significant treaty sites. All entries have see also references and a short bibliography. This volume also contains the text of 40 treaties. The third volume offers a detailed historical chronology with 1- to 2-page entries, followed by biographical profiles of historical and contemporary individuals associated with treaties and Native rights. The third section of this volume contains entries that explain treaty-related issues, such as Assimilation, Doctrine of discovery, and the Trust doctrine. Volumes 1 and 2 have numerous black-and-white illustrations but no maps. A resource section with lists of "Alternate Tribal Names and Spellings," "Tribal Name Meanings," Treaties by Tribe," and "Common Treaty Names" and a bibliography and comprehensive index are repeated in each volume. Both students and librarians will find the arrangement somewhat cumbersome, but it does provide the user with various lenses through which to view this complicated topic, and it makes particular aspects of the topic more manageable. This impressive set has a place in any academic library that supports a Native American studies or American history curriculum. It also would be useful in public libraries where patrons are interested in the subject. It is the most comprehensive source of information on Canadian-Indian treaties and U.S.-Indian treaties. Also available as an e-book.

"The Wacky World of Laws"
It was just released in May 2009. 		The Wacky World of Laws. Click on the cover to order a copy or to get more info.

The Wacky World of Laws is a compilation of U.S. and International Laws that are out of the ordinary. With the U.S. churning out 500,000 new laws every year and 2 million regulations annually, this book is the ideal go-to book fro everyone who wants a good laugh at the expense of our legal system. Law so often can be boring! Now with The Wacky World of Laws, you can be the hit of any water cooler conversation, and amaze your friends with precious legal nuggets.

I wrote most of this book. It is my fifth book.




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Copyright © Phil Konstantin (1996-2024)

Tribal Name Meanings


Many tribal names mean "People," "Us," "human beings," or similar words. The names below are for those groups whose name has another meaning. Some tribes' names were acquired from Europeans using a second tribe's name for the first tribe. The "New Name" was used so much, it gained an "official" status or became the common name. In many cases, tribal name origins are lost in the mists of history. Some definitions below are based on conjecture by historians. In some cases, some tribal members would agree with the names below, while other members will not. In essence, this is a list of commonly used definitions.

This list was last updated on July 19, 2024.

( © copyright 1996-2024 ) Phil Konstantin


I do not keep, nor have I researched, a list of personal names in a variety of American Indian languages.
If you are looking for a name for your child, house or pet (etc.), I suggest asking the experts who operate a website listed in the section below.

Baby Names Meanings - a site dedicated to all kinds of baby names.


Language links
Cherokee Word list from the Cherokee Nation website
Online Cherokee Dictionary
Moondove's List of Cherokee Names
Abenaki Words
Blackfoot Language
Cheyenne Language Web Site
Choctaw Language
Comanche Language
Lakhota Words
Lakota hear it!
Lakota Words
Lakota Language
Select Lakota Words
Miami Language
English - Nahuatl dictionary
Navajo
A Few Words in Nez Perce



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Name Meaning
A'ani': white clay people
Aa Tlein (Taku): big lake
Aak'w (Auke): small lake
Abbatotine: bighorn people
Abnaki: those living at the sunrise (easterners)
Absaroke: people of the big beaked bird
Achomawi: river, people that live at the river
Acolapissa: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - those who listen and see
Acoma: people by the white rock
Agaidika (Paiute): trout (or salmon) eaters - also spelled Agai-Dicutta
Ahousaht: facing opposite from the ocean, people living with their backs to the land and mountains
Ahtena: ice people
Aitchelitz: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - bottom
Akansea: land of the downriver people
Ak-Chin: "mouth of the wash", "place where the wash loses itself in the sand or ground"
Akun'kunik': people of the place of the flying head
Akwesasne: land where the partridge drums
Alabama: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - I clear the thicket
Amikwa: beaver
Anishinabe: from wence lowered the male of the species (original people)
Apache: enemy (Zuni word)
Apalachicola: people of the other side
Apalachee: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - people of the other side
Apsaalookee: children of the large-beaked bird
Apwaruge: juniper tree people
A'qam: people of the dense forest or brush
Arendahronon: rock people
Arikara: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - horns or elk people, or corn eaters; people of the flowing hair
Arosaguntacook: rocky flats river people
Asiniskawiyiniwak: people in the place of lots of rocks
Assiniboin: ones who cook using stones (Ojibwa word)
Atakapa: man eater
Atchatchakangouen: crane people
Atikamekw: people of the bark, whitefish
Atsina: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - white clay people
Atsuge: pine tree people
Atsugewi: hat creek indians
Attawandaron: different language people
Avoyel: people of the rocks, small vipers
Ba-kho-je (Ioway): gray snow
Bayogoula: people of the bayou
Bedonkohe (Apache): in front at the end people
Bellabella: milbank
Bidai: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - brushwood (Caddo word)
Binigulaza: people of the clouds
Brule: burned thighs
Caddo: true chiefs
Cahuilla: leader, master, one who rules, powerful nation (all questionable), (see Paui)
Calusa: fierce people
Canim: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - canoe, broken rock
Catawba: river people
Cayuga: place where boats were taken out, place locusts were taken out, people at the mucky land
Cayuse: people of the stones or rocks (French-Canadian word)
Chakchiuma: red crawfish people
Cheam: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - wild strawberry place, the place to always get strawberries
Chehalis: sand, beating Heart
Chelan: deep water
Chemehuevi: those that play with fish (Mojave word), nose in the air like a roadrunner (Quechan word)
Cherokee: cave people (Choctaw word), people of different speech (Creek word), Anigiduhwagi (Cherokee word meaning "people of Kituwah")
Cheslatta: top of a small mountain, small rock mountain at the east side
Chetco: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - close to the mouth of the stream
Cheyenne: red talkers (Dakota word), little Cree (Lakota word)
Chickahominy: coarse-pounded corn people, hominy people
Chickasaw: people from Chicsa, rebels
Chihene (Apache): red paint people
Chilcotin: young man river
Chipewyan: pointed skins (Cree word)
Chitimacha: men altogether red, they have cooking vessels
Chokonen (Apache): rising sun people
Chontal: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - stranger (Nahuatl word)
Choula: fox
Chowanoc: people at the south
Chumash: people who make the shell bead money, bead maker, seashell people
Clallam: strong people
Clatsop: dried salmon
Clayoquot: people of other tribes
Cochiti: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - stone kiva
Cocopah: river people
Coeur d'Alene: those who are found here or heart of an awl (French words)
Comanche: anyone who wants to fight me all the time (Ute word)
Comox: place of abundance
Conestoga: place of the immersed pole
Cowasuck: people of the white pines
Cowichan: warm country, land warmed by the sun
Crow: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - crow, sparrowhawk, bird people, people of the large-beaked bird
Cuiui Ticutta: cui ui eaters
Cuu-ma-as-ath: cleared in the middle
Dakelh: people who travel by water
Dakota: allie
Deisleen (Teslin): big sinew
Detsanayuka: bad campers or bad movers
Duwamish: people of the inside
Ehdiitat Gwich'in: people who live among timber or spruce
Erie: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - long tail or cat people (Iroquois word)
Eskasoni (Mi'kmaq): where the fir trees are plentiful
Eskimo: eaters of raw meat (Algonquin or Cree word)
Esquimalt: the place of gradually shoaling water
Ewiiaapaayp: leaning rock
Fox: red earth people
Galyáx (Kaliakh): stream of salmon
Gingolx: the place of the skulls
Gitanmaax: people who fish with burning torches
Gitga'at: people of the cane
Gitwangak: place of Rabbits
Gitxsan: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - people of the River of Mist
Gochish Hada‘didla Ndé: big water people
Gunaaxoo (Gunahoo): dry bay
Gwich'in: people who live at a certain place
Gros Ventre: big bellies, one who cooks with a stone, he cooks by roasting (see Atsina)
Hach winik: true people
Hagwilget: gentle or quiet people
Haisla: living at the river mouth or down river
Han: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - those who live along the river
Haudenosaunee: people of the long house, people of the extended lodge
Havasupai: people of the blue green water
Heiltsuk: to speak or act correctly
Hinyaa (Henya): across the water
Hesquiaht: people of the sound made by eating herring eggs off eel grass
Hewisedawi: those from on top
Hia C-ed O'odham: sand dune people
Hidatsa: willow (speculation) or lodge made with willow
Hiute: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - bowmen
Ho-Chunk: fish eaters, people of the big voice, People of the Sacred Language
Hohokam: those who have gone
Honniasont: wearing something around the neck
Hopi: peaceful ones, people who live in a peaceful way
Houma: red
Hualapai: people of the tall pines
Huchnom: mountain people
Huichol: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - healers
Hul'qumi'num: those who speak the same language
Hunkpapa: campers at the opening of the circle
Hupa: trinity river
Huron: ruffian (French word)
Hwal'bay (Hualapai): people of the tall pines
Ihanktonwan: dwellers at the end
Ihanktonwana: little dwellers at the end
Illinois: those who speak in the regular way
Iowa: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - sleepy ones (Dakota word)
Iroquois: real adders (Algonquain word) or we of the extended lodge
Isleta: kick flint place
Jatibonicu: people of the great sacred high waters
Jatibonuco: great people of the sacred high waters
Jemez: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - pueblo in the canada
Jicaque: ancient person (Nahuatl word)
Jicarilla: little basket weaver (Spanish word)
Jilkaat (Chilkat): cache of salmon
Kainai: many chiefs
Kalispel: camas people
Kamloops: the meeting of the waters
Kammedeka: jackrabbit eaters
Kan-hatki: white earth
Kanienkahaka: people of the place of flint
Kanza: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - people of the south wind
Karankawa: dog lovers
Karok: upstream
Kaskaskia: he scrapes it off by means of a tool
Kato: lake
Kawchottine: people of the great hares
Keex (Kake): dawn
Ketsei: going in wet sand
Kickapoo: he stands about, wanderer
Kiowa: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - principal people, pulling out, coming out, people of the large tent flaps
Kispiox: people of the hiding place
Kitamaat: people of the falling snow
Kitkatla: people of the salt, village by the sea
Kitselas: people of the canyon
Kitsumkalum: people of the plateau
Klallam: strong people
Klamath: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - people of the lake
Kleh-koot-aht: long stretch of level land
Klickitat: beyond (Chinook word)
Kluskus: place of small whitefish
Koop Ticutta: ground- squirrel eaters
Kooyu (Kuiu): stomach
Kotsoteka: buffalo eaters
Kumeyaay: those who face the water from a cliff
Kutcha-kutchin: those who live on the flats
Kuupangaxwichem people who slept here (Cupeño)
Kuyuidokado: cui-ui eaters
Kwalhioqua: lonely place in the woods (Chinook word)
Kwayhquitlum: stinking fish slime
Kwuda: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - people coming out
Laaxaayík (Yakutat): inside the glacier
Laguna: pueblo by the lake
Lakota: friend or ally (same with Dakota and Nakota)
Latgawa: those living in the uplands
Lax Kw'alaams: Island of the wild roses
Lenni Lenape: genuine men
Lheidli T'enneh: people of the confluence of the two rivers
Lillooet (Lil'wat): wild onion
Lipan Apache (Cúelcahén Ndé): people of the tall grass, light gray people
Loucheux: people with slanted or crossed eyes
Machapunga: bad dust
Mahican: wolf (incorrect translation per the Mohican Nation, Stockbridge-Munsee Band)
Makah: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - cape people or people who live by the rocks and seagulls
Malahat: infested with caterpillars, place where one gets bait
Maliseet: broken talkers
Mamiwinnik: people of the land
Mandan: people of the First Man
Mannahocks: very, merry people
Maricopa: people who live toward the water
Mascouten: little prairie people
Mashgalende (Apache): people close to the mountain
Massachuset: at the hills, people who live near the great hill
Matsqui: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - easy portage, easy travelling
Mau-Wal-Mah Su-Kutt Menyil (Torres Martinez Cahuilla): among the palms, deer moon
Mayaimis: big water
Mdewankantonwan: dwellers of the spirit lake, those who were born of the waters
Meherrin: muddy water people
Menominee: wild rice men
Meskwahkihaki (Fox): red earth people
Methow: sunflower, sunflower seeds
Metlakatla: a passage connecting two bodies of salt water
Miami: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - downstream people, people on the peninsula, cry of the crane
Michigamea: great water
Mimbres (Apache): willow (Spanish word)
Miniconjou: planters by water
Minnetaree: they crossed the water
Minqua: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - stealthy
Missiquoi: place of flint
Mississauga: great river mouth
Missouri: people of the river mouth, great muddy, people with wooden canoes
Moapa: mosquito creek people
Moatokni: southerners
Modoc: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - southerners
Mohave: three mountains, people of the water/river
Mohawk: people who live by the rapids, the possessors of the flint, fire-striking people; coward or man eater (Abenaki words)
Mohegan: wolf
Mohican: the people of the waters that are never still
Monacans: people who dig in rocks
Moneton: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - big water people
Mowachaht: people of the deer
Muh-uulth-aht: people from where there is mountain with the face burnt off
Munsee: at the place where the stones are gathered together
Musqueam: place always to get iris plant root
Nahane: people of the west
Nak'azdli: when arrows were flying
Nakoda: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ally, friend
Nambé: mound of earth in the corner, earth roundness
Narragansett: people of the small point
Nanticoke: people of the tidewaters
Nanoose: to push forward
Natinixwe: people of the place where the trail returns
Natsit-kutchin: those who live off the flats
Navajo: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - cultivated field in an arroyo (Tewa word)
Nehalem: where the people live
Nicomen: level part
Niantic: people of the long neck or peninsula
Nihtat Gwich'in: people living together as a mixture
Nipmuck: freshwater fishing place or small pond, people of the fresh water
Nisqually: people of the river, people of the grass
Nituuhuuiyiyuuch: people of the hunt
Niuko'nska: people of the middle water
Nokoni: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - those who turn back
Nooksack: mountain men
Nootka: along the coast, along the mountains
Norridgewock: people of the still waters between rapids
Nusabi: people of the clouds
Nuu-chah-nulth: arc of mountains rising out of the sea
Nux Sklai Yem (S'klallam): strong people
Oglala: scatters their own
Ojibwa: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - to roast till puckered up. those who stammer
Okanagan: head, top of head, transport toward the head or top end
Okelousa: blackwater
Okmulgee: where water boils up
Omaha: downstream people, upstream people, or people going against the current
Oneida: a boulder standing up, people of the standing stone
Onondaga: people on top of the hills
Opata: hostile people (Pima word)
Ottawa: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - to trade
Otto: lechers
Oweekeno: those who carry on the back, people talking right
Pahodja: dusty ones
Pahvant: close to water
Pakiutlema: people of the gap
Pamunkey: rising upland
Pan'akwati: across the water
Pantch-pinunkansh: men altogether red
Papagos: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - desert people, bean people
Pascagoula: bread people
Passamaquoddy: plenty of pollock
Paugusset: where the narrows open out
Paui: people of the hot springs (Cahuilla)
Pauma: place where there is water
Pawnee: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - horn people, men of men, look like wolves
Payomkowishum: people of the west
Pechanga: place where the water drips
Pellt'iq't: people of the white earth
Penateka: honey eaters
Pend d'Oreilles: hangs from the ear
Penelakut: something buried
Pennacook: down hill, bottom of the hill
Penobscot: it forks on the white rocks or the descending ledge place, at the stone place
Pensacola: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - hair people
Penticton: permanent place, always place
People of the lakes: tribes near the great lakes
Peoria: carrying a pack on his back
Pequot: fox people or destroyers or the shallowness of a body of water
Piankeshaw: torn-ear people
Picuris: mountain warrior people
Piegan: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - scabby robes
Piikani: poor robe
Pilthlako: big swamp
Pima: river people
Pipa Aha Macav: people by the river
Podunk: where you sink in the bog
Pojoaque: drinking place
Pomo: those who live at red earth hole
Potawatomi: people of the place of the fire, keepers of the fire, (fire nation, fire people)
Powhatan: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - falls in a current of water
Pshwanwapam: stony ground
Puyallup: generous and welcoming behavior to all people (friends and strangers) who enter our lands, shadow
Qawishwallanavetum: people that live among the rocks
Quahadi: antelope
Qualicum: where the dog salmon run
Quapaw: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - downstream people
Quatsino: downstream people
Quechan: those who descended
Quinnipiac: Eansketambawg
Qwulhhwaipum: prairie people
Raramuri: foot runner
Saanyaa (Saanya): southward
Sac: people of the yellow earth or people of the outlet
Sakawiyiniwak: people of the bush
Salish: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - flatheads
Sammamish: willow people, people of the meander
San Felipe: sticky earth place
San Ildefonso: where the water cuts down through
San Juan: strong people
Sandia: dusty place
Sanpoil: gray as far as you can see
Sans Arc: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - without bows
Santa Ana: dancing place
Santa Clara: valley of the rose water
Santee: knife
Saulteaux: people of the rapids
S'awdáan (Sumdum): around the jade colored bay
Sayisi Dene: people of the east
Schaghticoke: at the river forks
Schitsu'umsh: the ones that were found here
Scw'exmx: people of the creeks
Sdukalbixw: strong people of status
Siletz (Se-la-gees): crooked river
Sekani: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - dwellers on the rocks
Semiahmoo: half moon
Seminole: separatist or breakaway,peninsula people
Seneca: place of stone, people of the standing rock, great hill people
Shawnee: south or southerners
Shee T'ika (Sitka): outside edge of a branch
Shtax'heen (Stikine): bitter water
Sicangu: burned thighs
Shis-Inday (Apache): people of the mountain forests
Shivwits: people who live in the east
Sihasapa Sioux: blackfeet
Siksika: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - blackfeet
Sioux: snake (French version of other tribe's name)
Sisitonwan: dwellers of the fish ground
Siska: uncle, lots of cracks in the rocks
Skidegate: red paint stone
Skokomish: river people, strong people
Skookumchuck: strong water
Snoqualmie: people of the moon
Snuneymuxw: people of many names
Spallumcheen: flat along edge
Spokane: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - sun people or children of the sun (generally accepted)
Spuzzum: little flat
Squaxin: people of the water
Stagaush: people of Saga
Sts'Ailes: the beating Heart
Stuwix: strangers
Suisun: people of the west wind
Sumas: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - big flat opening
Suquamish: people of the clear salt water
Susquehannock: people of the muddy river
Syilx: rolling or unifying many into one
T'aaku (Taku): geese flood upriver
Taant'a (Tongass): sea lion
Tagish: fish trap or spring ice is breaking up
Tahltan: something heavy in the water
Taino: we the good people
Takelma: those living along the river
T'akjik.aan (Tuxekan): coast town
Tamarois: out tail
Tanima: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - liver eaters
Tangipahoa: corn gatherers
Tantawats: southern men
Taos: our village
Tarahumara: foot runner
Tataviam: people facing the sun
Tatsanottine: people of the copper water
Tawakoni: river bend among red hills
Teetl'it Gwich'in: people who live at the head of the waters
Tejas: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - friendly
Tenawa: down stream
Tennuth-ketchin: middle people
Tesuque Pueblo: cottonwood tree place
Teton: dwellers of the prairie
Tewa: moccasins
Thlingchadinne: dog-flank people
Tillamook people of Nehalem
Timbisha: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - facepaint from the red rock
Titonwan: dwellers of the plains
Tl'azt'en: people by the edge of the bay
Tlingit: people of the tides
Tohono O'odham: desert people
Toi Ticutta: cattail eaters or tule eaters
Toltec: master builders (Nahuatl word)
Tonawanda: confluent stream
Tongva: people of the earth
Tonkawa: they all stay together, most human of people, people of the wolf
Toquaht: people of the narrow place in front, people of the narrow channel
Tsa-mee-nis: bitten breast
Tsattine: lives among the beavers
Tsawout: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - houses raised up
Tsawwassen: beach at the mouth, facing the sea
Tsay Keh Dene: people of the mountains
Tsetsaut: people of the interior (Niska word)
Tseycum: clay people
Tsimshian: inside the Skeena River
Tsleil-Waututh: people of the inlet
Tsq'escenemc: people of the broken rock
Tsoyaha: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - children of the sun
Tubatulabal: pinenut eaters (Shoshone word)
Tukudika: sheep eater
Tumpanuwac: fish eaters
Tunxis: where the river bends
Tuscarora: hemp gatherers, the shirt wearing people
Two Kettle: two boilings
Uchuckledaht: there inside the bay
Ukomno'm: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - valley people
Ulkatcho: good feeding place where animals get fat
Unalachtgo: tidewater people
Ute: land of the sun, people of sun mountains
Utina: powerful
Viniintaii Gwich'in: people who live on or by the caribou trail
Vuntut Gwitch'in: dwellers among the lakes
Vvunta-ketchin: those who live among the lakes
Wabanaki: people of the first light, dawn land people
Wahpekute: shooters amoung the leaves
Wahpetonwan: dwellers amoung the leaves
Wailaki: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - north language (Wintun word)
Wakokai: blue heron breeding place
Walapai: pine tree people
Wallawalla: little river, many rivers
Wampanoag: eastern people, people of the first light
Wappinger: opossum people
Wappo: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - brave
Waptailmin: people of the narrow river
Wasco: cup, small horn bowl, those who have the cup
Wea: the forest people, light skinned ones, people who live near the river eddy, people of the whirlpool
Weapemeoc: people at the nice ocean
Wenatchi: water rushing out
Wendat: peninsula people
Whel mux: people of spirit, people of breath
Wichita: raccoon-eyed people, big arbor (Choctaw word)
Winnebago: filthy water people
Winnemem Wintu: middle water people
Wiwohka: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - roaring water
Wolastoqiyik: people of the bright river
Wulust’agooga’wiks: people of the beautiful river
Wyandot: people of the peninsula, islanders
Xat'sull: on the cliff where the bubbling water comes out
Xunaa (Hoonah): people from the direction of the north wind
Xutsnoowú (Hootchenoo): Burnt Wood
Yahandeka: groundhog eaters
Yakama: runaway
Yamparika: rooteaters, yapeaters, carrot eaters
Yaqan nukiy: the people where the rock is standing
Yavapai: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - people of the sun, crooked mouth people
Yeopim: ocean
Yocha Dehe: home by the spring water
Yoncalla: those living at ayankeld
Yosemite: grizzly bear, those who kill (Miwok word)
Yuchi: situated yonder
Yuhavitam: people of the pines
Yuki: stranger or enemy (Wintun word)
Yurok: downstream (Karok word)
Zia: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - scattered hills place
Zuni: rock slide pueblo



Alternative Tribal Names


Many tribes have more than one name. Some tribes have a name they give to the world, and another name which was meant to be used only amongst themselves. Some tribes became known by the names other tribes called them. For example, Cherokee is name given to them by others. Eventually, so many Europeans/Americans and other tribes called them this, they adopted the name. Here is an example of the many names given to the Cherokee. It comes from "The Indian Tribes of North America" by John R. Swanton: 
	Alligewi or Alleghanys, a people appearing in Delaware tradition who were perhaps
	    identical with this tribe.
 	Ani'-Kitu'hwagi, own name, from one of their most important ancient settlements,
	    and extended by Algonquian tribes to the whole. 									
	Ani'-Yun'-wiya', own name, meaning "real people." 
	Baniatho, Arapaho name (Gatschet, MS., B.A.E.). 
	Entari ronnon, Wyandot name, meaning "mountain people." 
	Manteran Catawba name, meaning "coming out of the ground." 
	Ochie'tari-ronnon, a Wyandot name. 
	Oyata' ge'ronon, Iroquois name, meaning "inhabitants of the cave country." 
	Shanaki, Gaddo name. 
	Shannakiak, Fox name (Gatschet, Fox MS., B. A. E.). 
	Talligewi, Delaware name (in Walam Olum), see Alligewi. 
	Tcaike, Tonkawa name. 
	Tcerokieco, Wichita name. 
	Uwatayo-rono, Wyandot name, meaning "cave people."


There are many variations on how Europeans spelled tribal names. Lewis and Clark refer to the IOWA (pronounced Eye-oh-way) Indians with spellings which varied from page to page in their journal. I have not included every possible phonetic spelling, just some of the major ones. One additional point, some tribes have been referred to by a name which is not their real name, nor do they officially acknowledge that name. However, because it has been misused so often, I have listed the incorrect name. I have listed it so readers could understand the original references in the Dates section of this book.

This list was last updated on July 19, 2013.

( © copyright 1996-2013 ) Phil Konstantin
Name Alternate Names
Abenaki (eastern): Alessikantekw, Amaseconti, Androscoggin, Apikwahki, Kennebec, Kinipekw, Kwupahag, Odanak, Ossipee, Panawahpskek, Penobscot, Rocameca, Wabanaki, Wabenaki, Wawinak, Wôlinak
Abenaki (western): Abenacquiouoict, Abnaki, Alnonba, Amoskeay, Arosaguntacook, Arsigantegok, Cocheco, Coos, Cowasuck, Koasek, Masipskwoik, Merrimac, Missiquoi, Nashua, Ossipee, Pemigewasset, Pennacook, Pequaket, Piscataqua, Souhegan, Winnibisauga
Absaroke: Crow
Acoma: Akome, Ak'o Ma, Aa'ku meh, Pueblo
Adai: Nateo
Adamstown: Upper Mattaponi
Ahantchuyuks: French Prairie Indians
Alabama: Alibamu
Aleut: Alutiiq, Unangan
Algonkin: Algonquin
Alsea: Alcea
Anadarko: Nadaco
Anishinabe: Algonquin, Anishnaabe, Chippewa, Mississaugas, Nipissing, Nishnaabe, Odawa, Ojibwa, Potawatomi, Saulteaux
Apache: Aravaipa, Bedonkohe, Chihene, Ch'laandé, Chiricahua, Chokonen, Cibecue, Cúelcahén, Dil'zhe'e, Dine, Dzithinahndé, Faraon, Gila, Gochish Hada‘didla Ndé, Guhlkahéndé, Inde, Jicarilla, Kiowa, Lipan, Mescalero, Mashgalende, Mimbres, N de, Natahéndé, Nednhi, Nit'ahéndé, Querechos, Shis inde, Tahuundé, Tinneh, Tinde, Tontos, Tsehitcihéndé, Tsebekinéndé, Tuetinini, Tuintsundé, Unde, Yuma
Apache Mohave: Yavapai
Appomattoc: Apamatuks
Arapaho: Aa'ninea, Atsina, Basawunena, Hanahawunena, Hinono'eino', Inunaina, Nakasine'na, Nawunena
Arikara: Northern Pawnee, Ricara, Ree, Sahnish, Tsa'nish
Assiniboin: Assiniboine, Hohe, Hohe Nakota, Nakoda, Assinipwat, Stoneys
Atakapa: Ishaks
Atfalati: Falatah, Kalapuya, Tfalati, Wapato Lake
Athapaskan: Dene
Atsina: Haaninin
Atsugewi: Apwarukei, Hat Creek people, Wamari'i
Awaswas: Santa Cruz
Aztec: Nahua, Nahuatl
Bannock: Panaiti, Banakwut, Nimi, Pan'akwati
Bear River Indians: Niekeni
Beaver: Danezaa, Dunneza, Tsattine
Bellabella: Heiltsuqu, Heiltsuk, Elkbasumh
Bellacoola: Nuxalk, Bilqula
Beothuk: Beathunk, Betoukuag, Macquajeet, Red Indians, Skraelling, Ulno
Biloxi: Taneks
Blackfeet/Blackfoot: Ahkainah, Ahpikuni, Amoskapi Piikunii, Apatohsi Piikunii, Niitsitapi, Nitsi-tapi, Niisitapiikwan, Piegan, Pikuni (northern); Siksika, Sisaka (southern), Sihasapa
Blood: Kainai, Ahkainah
Boothroyd: Chomok
Brule Sioux: Si can gu
Caddo: Adai, Arkokisa, Ceni, Dotchetonne, Doustioni, Eyeish, Hasinai, Hainai, Kadohodacho, Kadohadacho Confederacy, Nacono, Nanatsoho, Nasoni, Natchitoches, Neche
Cahuilla: Agua Caliente, Augustine, Cabazon, Iviatim, Kawasic, Los Coyotes, Mau-Wal-Mah Su-Kutt Menyil, Morongo, Painakic, Paui, Ramona, Santa Rosa, Torres Martinez, Wanikik
Calusa: Caloosa, Calos, Calosa, Carlos, Muspa
Campo: Kumeyaay
Carrier: Dakelh, Wet'suwet'en, Takulli
Catawba: Eno, Esaw, Iswa, Iyeye, Nieye, Ushery, Anitakwa, Kadapua, Kuttawa, Oyadagahroene, Toderichroone, Yeh is-wah h'reh
Cayuga: Kweniogwen, Iroquois
Cayuse: Liksiyu, Wailetpu, Te-taw-ken, Guyohkohnyo
Chakchiuma: Shaktci Homma
Chalon: Soledad
Chehalis: Copalis, Humptulips, Qwaya, Satsop, Sts'Ailes, Wynoochee
Chelan: Wenatchi
Chemainus: Tsa-mee-nis
Chemehuevi: Nuwu, Nuwuwu, Tantawats
Chetco: Tolowa
Cherokee: Tsa-la-gi, Anigaduhwagi, Anigiduhwagi, Ani-yun-wiya, Anikituhwagi, Keetowah
Cheyenne: Dzi tsi stas, Sowonia (southern), O mi sis (northern), Tse-tsehese-staestse, Sotaae'o, Sutai
Chichimeca: Caxcanes, Guachichiles, Guamare, Jonáz, Opata, Pame, Tecuexes, Úza, Zacateco
Chilcotin: Esdilagh, Tl'esqox, Tl'etinqox, Xeni Gwet'in, Tsilhqot'in
Chillicothe: Chalahgawtha
Chimakum: Aqokdlo
Chinook: Cathlamet, Cathlahmahs, Chilluckittequaw, Clatsop, Chahcowah, Clackamas, Clowwewalla, Cushook, Echelut, Kilooklaniuck, Multnomah, Skillot, Tsniuk, Wahkikum, Wappato, Wasco, Wascopa, Watlata, Wishram
Chipewyan: Denesuline, Otchipiweon
Chippewa: Anishinabe, Ojibwa
Chitimacha: Chawasha, Pantch-pinunkansh, Washa, Yagenechito, Shetinasha
Choctaw: Chakchiuma, Chatot, Cha'ta
Chumash: Barbareño, Cruzeño, Cuyama, Emigdiano, Ineseño, Obispeño, Purisima, Santa Barbara Indians, Santa Ynez, Ventueño
Clackamas: Guithlakimas
Clallam: Klallams, S'klallam, Nusklaim, Nux Sklai Yem, Tlalem
Clatsop: La t cap
Cochiti: Kotyete, Pueblo
Cocopah: Xawitt Kunyavaei
Coeur d'Alene: Skitswish, Schee chu'umsch, Schitsu'umsh
Colville: Chualpay, Scheulpi
Colville Confederated: Chelan, Chief Joseph Band of Nez Perce, Colville, Entiat, Lakes, Methow, Moses-Columbia, Nespelem, Okanogan, Palus, San Poil and Wenatchi
Comanche: Detsanayuka, Hanitaibo, Hupe, Huuzinuu, Jupe, Kotsoteka, Kutsutuuka, Kwahadi, Kwaharu, Kwahihuu ki, Motsi, Nermernuh, Noconi, Nokoni, Noyuhkanuu, Numunuu, Ohnonuu, Padouca (Sioux word), Pekwi Tuka, Penateka, Pennande, Pikaatamu, Quahadi, Sarii Tuka, Tanima, Taninuu, Tenawa, Tutsanoo Yehku, Wianu, Yamparika, Yaparuka
Comox: Catloltx, K'ómoks
Conoy: Acquintanacsuak, Ganawese, Piscataway
Copane: Kopano, Quevenes
Cora: Nayarit
Coree: Coranine
Coushatta: Koasati, Acoste
Cowichan: Muskwium, Nanaimo , Sanetch
Cowlitz: Kwalhiokwa, Taidnapam
Cree: Attikamekw, Eeyouch, Ililu, Iyiniwok, Kenistenoag, Kiwetinnuwug, Knistenaux, Maskegon (Woods Cree), Montagnais, Muskekowug, Naskapi, Nehiawak or Nay-hee-uh-wuk (Plains Cree), Nehiyaw, Nekapiininuwug, Nihilawe, Kinistino, Nituuhuuiyiyuuch, Nutcimiunu, Oscheiskakamikuanu, Sah-cow-ee-noo-wuk (bush Cree)
Creek: Muskogee, Abihika, Abeika, Hitchiti, Homashko
Crow: Absalooka, Absaroke, Apsaalooke
Cupenos: Kuupangaxwichem
Cuthead: Pabaksa
Dakelh: Carrier
Dee-ni': Chetco, Chit-xu, Taa-laa-wa Dee-ni’, Tolowa, Tututni, T'uu-du'-ni', Xvsh
Delaware: Lenni Lenape, Lenape, Abnaki, Alnanbai, Wampanoag, Mohegan, Munsee, Unami, Unalachitgo, Powhatan-Renápe, Turkey
Dene: Chipewyan, Sahtu, Slavey, Tlicho, Yellowknives
Dhegiha Sioux: Kansa, Omaha, Osage, Ponca, Quapaw,
Dieguenos: Comeya, Tipai, Ipai, Kumeyaay
Ditidaht: Nitinaht
Dogrib: Tlicho
Duwamish: Dkhw’Duw’Absh
Eel River: Athapaskans, Lassik, Mattole, Nongatl, Sinkyone, Wailaki
Eno: Enoke, Wyanoak
Eskimo: Inuit, Inupiat, Inuvialuit, Yupik, Alutiiq
Equimalt: Is-Whoy-Malth
Eyak: daXunhyuu
Flathead: Salish, Selish
Fox: Mesquaki, Meskwaki, Mshkwa'kiitha , Outagami
Gabrieleno: Kizh, Tongva
Ganawese: Conoys, Piscataways
Gitanyow: Kitwancool
Gitxsan: Tsimshian
Goshute: Kusiutta
Gros Ventre: Atsina (prairie), Hidatsa (Missouri), A'ani', A'ani nin, Ah-ah-nee-nin, Haaninin, Minnetaree, Hitunena
Gwich'in: Loucheux
Hainai: Ioni
Havasupai: Supai, Coconino, Havasu 'Baaja
Heiltsuk: Hailhazakv
Hia C-ed O'odham: Arenenos, Sand Papagos
Hidatsa: Gros Venture, Agutchaninnewug, Minnetaree, Awatixa, Awaxawi
Hoa: Chalá·at, Chalat'
Ho-Chunk: Hocak, Puan, Winipeg, Winnebago
Hohokam: Hoo-hoogam
Hopi: Hopitu, Hopitu Shinumu, Moqui, Hapeka
Hualapai: Hwal'bay, Walapai
Huichol: Wirrarika, Wixalika, Wixáritari
Hupa: Hoopa, Natinixwe, Natinnohhoi, Natinookwa
Hupacasath: Ahahswinis, Cuu-ma-as-aht, Kleh-koot-aht, Muh-uulth-aht
Huron: Arendahronon, Wendat, Wyandot
Illinois: Albiui, Amonokoa, Cahokia, Chepoussa, Chinkoa, Coiracoentanon, Espeminkia, Illini, Illiniwek, Kaskaskia, Maroa, Matchinkoa, Michibousa, Michigamea, Moingwena, Negawichi, Peoria, Tamaroa, Tapouara
Ingalik Athapaskans: Deg Het'an
Inuit: Eskimo, Inupiat, Inuvialuit, Kalaallit
Iowa: Ba-kho-je, Baxoje, Pahodja
Iroquois: Haudenosaunee, Hodenosaunee, Ongwanosionni, Hotinonshonni
Isleta: Pueblo, Siahwibak
Jemez: Tuwa, Pueblo, Walatowa, Towa
Jicarilla Apache: Tinde, Dinde, Haisndayin, Querechos
Juaneño: Acagchemem, Ajachmem
Kalispel: Pend d'Oreilles, Qlispé
Kamia: Tipai
Kamloops: Tk’emlúps te Secwépemc
Kansa: Hutanga, Kansas, Kanza, Kaw, Nahane
Karuk: Karok, Araar
Kato: Tlokeang
Kaw: Kanza
Kawaiisu: Nuooah, Nuwa
Keres: Pueblo, Acoma, Cochiti, Isleta, Laguna, San Felipe, Santa Ana, Santo Domingo, Zia
Kickapoo: Kiikaapoi , Kiwigapawa
Kiowa: Kwuda, Tepda, Tepkinago, Gaigwu, Kompabianta, Kauigu, Kaiugui
Kiowa Apache: Nadiisha Dena, Semat
Klallams: Clallams
Klamath: Auksni, Eukshikni Maklaks, Modoc, Yahooskin
Klickitat: Qwulhhwaipum
Kootenai: Akun'kunik', Kootenay, Ktunaxa, Kuronoqa, Kutenai, Skalsa, Yaqan nukiy
Koso: Panamint
Karok: Karuk, Arra-arra
K'ómoks: Cha'chae, Comox, Ieeksun, Puntledge, Sathloot, Sasitla, Tat'poos
Ktunaxa: Kootenay
Kumeyaay: Barona, Campo, Capitan Grande, Chemehuevi, Cuyapaipe, Diegueño, Ewiiaapaayp, Inaja Cosmit, Iipay, Ipai, Jamul, Kamia, Kumeyaay-Pai Pai, Kumiai, La Posta, Manzanita, Mesa Grande, San Pasqual, Santa Isabel, Sycuan, Tipai, Viejas
Kuitsh: Lower Umpqua
Kutchin: Gwich'in, Dindjié
Kutenai: Asanka, Kootenay
Laguna: Pokwindiwe Onwi, Pueblo
Lakota: Hunkpapa, Itazipco, Miniconjou, Oglala, Ooinunpa, Sicangu, Sihasapa, Teton
Lancandon: Maya, Hach Winik
Latgawa: Rogue
Lemhi Shoshone: Agaidika, Salmon Eaters, Tukudika, Sheep Eater
Loucheux: Gwich'in
Lillooet: Lil'wat, St'át'imc, T'it'kit, St'at'imcets, Stl'átl'imx
Lipan: Cúelcahén Ndé, Gochish Hada‘didla Ndé, Naizhan, Ndé
Lower Sioux: Mdewakanton, Wahpekute
Lower Brule Sioux: Kul Wicasa Oyate
Luiseño: Ataaxam, Ataxum, La Jolla, Juaneño, Pala, Pauma, Payomkawichum, Payomkowishum, Pechanga, Rincón, Quechnajuichom, San Luis Rey, Soboba
Lumbee: Cheraw
Maicopa: Xalychidom Piipaash, Pipatsji
Makah: Kwenetchechat, Kwi-dai-da'ch, Kwih-dich-chuh-ahtx
Maliseet: Wolastoqiyik
Mandan: Metutahanke or Mawatani (after 1837), Numakaki (before 1837), Nueta, Nuptadi, Nuitadi, Awigaxa
Manhattan: Rechgawawank
Manso: Maise, Mansa, Manse, Manxo, Gorreta, Gorrite, Tanpachoa
Maricopa: Xalychidom Piipaash, Xalchidom Pii-pash, Pipatsje, Pee-posh
Maya: Ch'ol, Itzá, Ixil, Jacaltec, Kaqchikel, Kekchi, Lacandon, Mam, Mopan, Poqomam, Quiché, Tojolabales, Tzotzil, Tzeltal, Tz'utujil
Menominee: O-maeq-no-min-ni-wik
Miami: Atchatchakangouen, Kilatika, Mengakonkia, Myaamia, Oumameg, Pepicokia, Pkiiwileni, Piankashaw, Twa-h-twa-h, Twightwis, Wea
Micmac: Mi'kmaq
Miniconjou: Mnikawozu, Mnikowoju, Minnicoujou
Mi'kmaq: Abegweit, Aroostook, Buctouche, Elsipogtog, Eskatoni, Glooscap, Listuguj, Lnu'k, L'nu'k, Membertou, Metepenagaig, Miawpukek, Micmac, Pabineau, Paq'tnkek, Qalipu, Wagmatcook, Waycobah
Missouri: Niutachi, Missouria, Wimihsoorita
Miwok: Awani, Olamentke
Mixtec: Ñusabi, Nusabi
Moapa: Moapariats, Moah-pitz, Nuwuvi
Modoc: Moatokni, Okkowish
Mohave: Ahamakav, Hamakhava, Mojave, Pipa Aha Macav, Tzinamaa
Mohawk: Abenaki, Akwesasne, Iroquois, Kahnawa'kehro:non, Kanienkahaka, Kaniengehage
Mohican: Muh-he-con-neok, Mahikan, Mahican, Muhhekunneuw
Molala: Latiwe
Mono: Monache, Nim
Moratoc: Nottoway
Mosopelea: Ofom
Muckleshoot: Duwamish, Skopamish, Smulkamish, Snoqualmie, Stkamish, Tkwakwamish, Yilalkoamish
Munsee: Homenethiki, Minasinink
Muskogee: Creek, Homashko
Nakoda: Lyärhe Nakoda, Stoney
Nanticoke: Unalachtgo, Onehtikoki
Nashaway: Nashua, Weshacum
Nauset: Cape Cod
Navajo: Diné, Dineh, Tenuai, Navaho
Nestucca: Nastucco, Stagaush
Neutrals: Aondironon, Attawandaron
Nez Perce: Assuti, Chopunnish, Kamuinu, Nee-me-poo, Nimipu, Sahaptin, Tsutpeli
Niantic: Nehantick, Nehantucket
Nlaka'pamux: Couteau, Nlakapamuk, Thompson
Nisga'a: Tsimshian
Nisqually: Squalli-absch
Nootka: Nuu-chah-nulth
Northern Ojibwa: Saulteaux, Sauteux
Nuu-chah-nulth: Nootka
Nuxalk: Kimsquit, Kwalhnmc, South Bentick Sutslmc, Taliyumc
Ogallala: Okandanda
Ohlone: Awaswas, Chalon, Chochenyo, Costanoan, Karkin, Mutsun, Muwekma, Ramaytush, Rumsen, Tamyen, Yelamu
Ojibwa: Chippewa, Anishinabe, Missisauga, Odjbway, Saginaw, Saulteurs
Okanagon: Isonkuaili, Nsilxcin, Okanagan, S-Ookanhkchinx, Syilx
Omaha: Ugaxpa, UmonHon
Oneida: Iroquois
Onondaga: Seneca, Iroquois
Oohenupa: Two Kettle, Oohenonpa
Osage: Wa-Shah-She, Wakon, Wazhazhe, Niuko'nska
Ottawa: Adawe, Odawa, Otawaki
Otto: Chewaerae, Oto, Otoe
Oulaouaes: Necariages
Oweekeno: Kwakiutl, Oweehena
Pacheenaht: Nootka
Paiute: Agai-Dicutta, Chemehuevi, Kanosh, Koosharem, Kuyuiticutta, Kuyuidokado, Numa, Numu, Nungwu, Nuwuvi, Newe, Payuchi, Paviotso, Shebit, Shivwit, Toi Ticutta, Wadatika
Pame: Xi'úi
Papagos: Tohono O'odham, Ak-chin, Yohono Au'autam
Parianuc: White River Utes
Passamaquoddy: Peskedemakddi
Patchogue: Unkechaug
Pawnee: Awah.i, Chahiksichahiks, Chaui, Ckirihki Kuruuriki, Kitkehahke, Panyi, Pariki, Petahauerat, Skedee
Pechanga: Luiseño
Pecos: Pueblos from Jemez
Pend d'Oreilles: Kalispel, Qlispé, Tunaxn
Pennacook: Agawam, Merrimack, Nashua, Pawtucket
Penobscot: Mawooshen, Pannawanbskek, Penaubsket, Wabeanaki
Petun: Khionontateronon, Tionontati
Picuris: Pikuri, Pueblo
Piegan: Amoskapi Piikunii, Apatohsi Piikunii, Blood, Kainai, Peigan, Pikuni, Pigunni, Ahpikuni
Pima: Onk Akimel Au-authm, Akimel O'odham, A-atam, Akimul Au'autam, Tohono O'odham (incorrectly)
Piro: Tortuga
Piscataway: Conoy
Pit River: Achomawi (Achumawi, Ajumawi), Aporidge, Astariwawi (Astarawi), Atsuge (Atsugewi), Atwamsini, Hanhawi (Hammawi), Hewisedawi, Ilmawi, Itsatawi, Kosalextawi (Kosalektawi), Madesi
Pocomtuc: Deerfield
Pojoaque: P'o Suwae Geh, Pueblo
Pomo: Kashaya
Poosepatuck: Unkechaug
Popolucas: Chochos
Potawatomi: Bodewadmi, Bodowadomi, Pottawatomi, Neshnabe
Powhatan: Accohanoc, Appamattuck, Arrohateck, Chiskiack, Kecoughtan, Mattaponi, Moraughtacund, Nancemond, Pamunkey, Paspahegh, Quiyoughcohannock, Rappahannock, Warraskoyack, Weyanoak, Youghtanund
P'squosa: Wenatchee, Wenatchi, Winatshi
Pueblo: Acoma, Cochiti, Isleta, Jemez, Laguna, Nambé, Picuris, Sandia, San Felipe, San Ildefonso, San Juan, Santa Clara, Santo Domingo, Taos, Tesuque, Zia, Zuni
Pyramid Lake Paiute: Kuyuidokado
Puyallup: S'Puyalupubsh
Quapaw: Akansea, Arkansas, Arkansea, O-Gah-Pah, Ouaguapas, Quapah, Ugakhpa, Ugahxpa
Quechan: Yuma, Kwtsan
Quileute: Quil-leh-ute
Quinault: Qui-nai-elts
Ramaytush: San Francisco, Ohlone
Rincon Band of Luiseño: Payomkawichum, Payomkowishum
Saanich: Pauquachin, Tsawout, Tsartlip, Tseycum, Malahat
Sac and Fox: Sauk, Asakiwaki, Meshkwakihug, Fox, Sa-ki-wa-ki, Ne-ma-ha-ha-ki
Sahtu: Sahtúot'ine
Sahwnee: Shawadasay
Salish: Columbian, Coeur d’Alene, Flathead, Kalispel, Lillooet, Okinagan, Secwépemc, Selis, Thompson, Tunaxn
San Felipe: Katishtya, Pueblo
San Ildefonso: Po-Woh-Ge-Oweenge, Pueblo
San Juan: Ohkay Owingeh, Pueblo
Sandia: Nafiat, Pueblo
Sanpoil: Nesilextcl'a, N'pooh-le, Spoilehieh
Sans Arc: Itazipco
Santa Ana: Tamaya, Pueblo
Santa Clara: Kha P'o, Pueblo
Santee: Bdewakanton, Isanti, Mdewakanton, Sisseton, Wahpekute, Wahpeton
Santo Domingo: Tyiwa, Pueblo
Saponi: Monasukapanough, Tutelo, Sapona
Sarcee: Tsuu T'ina
Sauk: Hothaaki, Thakiki, Sah-ku-mehu
Saulteaux: Anishinape, Baawitigowininiwag, Nakawe
Scioto: (Five Nations of the Scioto Plains) Shawnee, Wyandot, Delaware, Munsee, Seneca
Sechelt: Shashishalhem
Secwepemc: Neskonlith, Pellt'iq't, Secwépemc, Secwepmec, Shuswap, Simpcw, Skeetchestn, Splatsin, T'exelcemc, Tk’emlúps, Xat'sull
Seminole: Ikaniuksalgi, Alachua, Mikasuki
Seneca: Iroquois, Onondaga
Senijextee: Lake Indians
Serrano: Cowangachem, Maarenga'yam, Mohineyam, Qawishwallanavetum, Taaqtam, Yuhavitam
Shasta: Konomihu, Okwanuchu
Shawnee: Savannah, Chillicothe, Hathawekela, Mequachake, Pekowi, Piqua
Shoshone: Agaidika, Deheya’a-deka, Goshute, Hohandika, Kammedeka, Kamu-deka, Lemhi, Newe, Nimi, Pohogwe, Shonivikidika, Shoshoni, Snake, Tazaaigadika, Timbisha, Tivatika, Tukuarika, Tukudeka, Wihinaitti, Yahandeka, Yamba-deka
Shuswap: Neskonlith, Pellt'iq't, Secwépemc, Secwepmec, Simpcw, Skeetchestn, Splatsin, T'exelcemc, Tk’emlúps, Xat'sull
Sinist: Arrow Lakes, Sin Aikst, The Lakes
Sioux: Brule, Dakota, Hunkpapa, Isanyati, Itazipco, Lakota, Mdewakanton, Minneconjou, Mnikawozu, Mnikowoju, Nakota, Ocheti Shakowin, Oglala, Oohenunpa, Santee, Sicangu, Sihasapa, Sisseton, Sisitonwan, Teton, Titunwan, Uncpapa, Yankton, Yanktonai, Wahpekute, Wapeton
Sissipahaw: Haw
Skagit: Humaluh
S'klallam: Nooksclime, Nux Sklai Yem
Skokomish: Twana
Squaxin: Noo-Seh-Chatl, Sa-Heh-Wa-Mish, Sawamish, S’Hotle-Ma-Mish, Squawksin, Squi-Aitl, Steh Chass, T’Peeksin
Squinamish: Swinomish
Slavey: Deh Cho, Deh Gah Got'ine
Slotas: Red River Metis
Snoqualmie: Sduk-al-bixw
Songish: Lkungen
Southern Paiute: Numa, Nungwu
Splatsin: Spallumcheen
Spokane: Sin-hu-man-aish
St. Francis: Abenaki
St. Mary's Indian Band: A'qam, Ktunaxa
St. Regis Mohawk: Akwesasne, Kaniengehage
Stillaguamish: Stoluck-wa-mish
Stockbridge: Mahican
Snuneymuxw: Nanaimo
Stillaguamish: Stoluck-wa-mish
Susquehanna: Susquehannock, Conestoga, Minqua, Andaste
Taidnapam: Upper Cowlitz
Tamaroa: Peoria
Taos: Tua-Tah, Pueblo
Tarahumara: Raramuri
Taviwac: Uncompahgre Ute
Tejas: Hasinai, Cenis
Tenino: Melilema
Tequistlatecos: Chontales of Oaxaca
Tesuque: Te-Tsu-Geh, Pueblo
Teton: Brule, Hunkpapa, Itazipco, Minneconjou, Mnikowoju, Oglala, Oohenunpa, Sicangu, Sihasapa, Titunwan, Uncpapa
Tewa: Pueblo, Nambe, Pojoaque, San Ildefonso, San Juan, Santa Clara, Tesuque
Thompson: Nlaka'pamux, Nlha7kápmx
Tigua: Pueblo, Tiwa, Tortuga
Tillamook: Killamuck, Nachesne, Nachicolcho, Nach'ikaltzustiwat, Nehalem, Nestucca, Nshlaets'stiwat, Salmon River, Siletz
Timbisha: Panamint
Timucua: Acuera, Cascangue, Icafui, Mocama, Potano, Ocale, Oconi, Saturiwa, Tacatacuru, Utina, Yufera, Ustaga
T'it'kit: Lillooet
Tiwa: Pueblo, Tortuga
Tk’emlúps te Secwépemc: Kamloops
Tlaoquiaht: Clayoquot
Tlatlasikwala: Nuwitti
Tlingit: Auke, Chilkat, Chilkoot, Gunahoo, Henya, Hoochenoo, Hoonah, Kake, Kaliakh, Kuiu, Saanya, Sitak, Stikine, Sumdum, Taantakwan, Taku, Teslin, Tongass, Tuxekan, Yakutat
Tobacco: Khionontateronon, Tionontati
Tolowa: Chetco, Chit-xu, Dee-ni', Taa-laa-wa Dee-ni’, Tututni, T'uu-du'-ni', Xvsh
Toltec: Chiaimeca Mochanecatoca
Tongass Tlingit: Taantakwan
Tonkawa: Titskan Watitch, Titskanwatitch, Tonkaweya
Tsetsaut: Wetalh
Tsimshian: Giluts'aaw, Ginadoiks, Ginaxangiik, Gispaxlo'ots, Gitga'at, Gitando, Gitk'a'ata, Gitlaan, Gits'iis, Gitwilgyoots, Gitxaala, Gitzaxlaal, Kitasoo, Kiselas, Kitkatla, Kitsumkalum
Tubatulabal: Bahkanapul, Bankalachi, Kern River, Palagewan, Pitanisha, Wateknasi
Tunica: Yoron
Tuscarora: Skarure, Iroquois, Coree
Tutelo: Saponi, Totelo, Yesah
Tututni: Tolowa, Lower Rogue River Indians
Twana: Tuadhu
Two Kettle: Oohenonpa, Oohenupa
Umpqua: Etnemitane
Uncompahgre Ute: Taviwac
Upper Chehalis: Kwaiailk
Upper Sioux: Sisseton, Wahpeton
Ute: Ahkawa Pahgaha Nooch, Capote, Caputa, Cumumba, Kapota, Mouache, Muhgruhtahveeach, Muwac, Noochi, No-oehi, Notch, Nuciu, Noochew, Pahdteeahnooch, Pahvant, Parianuc, Parianuche, San Pitch, Sheberetch, Tabeguache, Taveewach, Timanogots, Timpanogs, Taviwac, Tumpanuwac, Uintah, Uinta-ats, Uncompahgre, Weeminuche, Weenuchiu, Wiminuc, Yampa, Yamparka, Yamparicas, Yapudttka
Viejas: Quimi
Wabanaki: Abenaki, Maliseet, Mawooshen, Mi'kmaq, Passamaquoddy, Penobscot
Wampanoag: Pokanoket
Wappo: Ashochimi
Warm Springs: Tilkuni
Washo: Hungalelti, Pauwalu, Washeshu, Washoe, Welmelti
Wasco: Cathlascos, Chinook, Echelut, Galasquo
Watlala: Cascade, Katlagakya, Shalala
Wea: Eel River, Gros, Kilataks, Mangakekis, Ouiatenon, Pepicokia, Peticotias, Piankeshaw, Wawiyatanwa
Wenatchi: P'squosa
Whilkut: , Mad River Indians, Redwood Indians
Winnebago: Winipig, Ho-Chunk
Wichita: Kitikiti'sh, Wia Chitch (Choctaw word)
Winik: Maya
Wintu: Winnemem, Wintun, Yocha Dehe
Winnebago: Ho-Chunk, Puan, Winipeg
Wishram: Chinook, Echeloot, Ilaxluit, Tlakluit
Wyandot: Huron, Talamatans, Wendat
Yakama: Kah-milt-pay, Klikatat, Klinquit, Kow-was-say-ee, Li-ay-was, Ochechotes, Pakiutlema, Palouse, Palus, Pisquouse, Se-ap-cat, Shyiks, Skin-pah, Waptailmin, Wenatshapam, Wish-ham, Yakima
Yana: Yahi, Yana
Yankton: Ihanktowana
Yaqui: Yoeme, Surem, Hiakim
Yavapai: Kwevkepaya, Tolkepaya, Wipuhk'a'bah, Wipukepa, Yavape
Yazoo: Chakchiuma
Yellowknives: T'atsaot'ine
Yeopim: Weapemeoc, YaPem, Yawpim
Yokuts: Casson, Choinumni, Chukchansi, Lakisamni, Mariposans, Tachi, Wukchumni
Yoncalla: Tchayankeld
Yosemite: Ahwahneechees
Yuchi: Chisa, Tsoyaha
Yuki: Ukomno'm
Yuma: Quechan, Euqchan
Yurok: Olekwo'l, Oohl
Zapotec: Binigulaza
Zia: Tsia, Pueblo
Zuni: A:shiwi, Pueblo, Siwin'a, Taa Ashiwani

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Handbook Of American Indians North Of Mexico - 1906 by Frederick Hodge (PDF Format - Very Large File)

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